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A critical function of life support systems on board manned spacecraft is to continuously revitalize the ambient air and to maintain its proper composition throughout the duration of the mission. This involves gaseous processes that need continuous monitoring. Sound traveling through a gas propagates at different speeds and attenuates to different degrees depending upon the composition of the gas. We previously justified conceptually the operation of a real-time gaseous process control monitor for gas mixtures based on acoustic attenuation and phase velocity. In the present study, on the theory front, we have refined a non-empirical model of acoustic propagation in polyatomic gases based on quantum mechanics and the kinetic theory of gases.