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Future diesel engine legislation Tier 4 / Stage V and EU6d demand further improvements to reduce CO2 while keeping the already low NOx emissions levels. For US trucks a more strict limit of 0.2 g/bhp-hr NOx emissions need to be achieved. In this trade-off, system costs and complexity of the after-treatment are defining the constraint in which the common rail fuel injection system layout has to be defined. The increase of rail pressure was in the past the major step to control the soot emissions in view of low engine-out NOx emissions by applying massive EGR. With the on-going development of NOx-aftertreatment by Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR), conversion efficiencies of up to 97% allow to reduce the EGR usage and rail pressure usage. In that context, the steepness of injection rate, the nozzle flow rate and the injection pressure are remaining parameters to control the NOx emissions.

With the diesel emissions and fuel consumption regulations and laws being tightened up, Common Rail System (CRS), capable of accurate and high-pressure diesel fuel injection, has become very popular in the world, and this CRS market is expected to continue to grow in the future. As use of the CRS becomes widespread, CRS is supposed to be used in a wide variety of environment, e.g. bad fuel (for example, much dust [1] and/or water), which increases concerns of CRS reliability. In an attempt to cope with such bad fuel properties, CRS and Fuel collected from the market was investigated. And based on this result, a new test method was worked out to simulate fuel stresses in the market. This test method verified the improved design of CRS with enhanced fuel robustness. This paper describes the new test method and the fuel robustness-enhancing effect of CRS based on the test method.

Diesel injection equipment is required to be more accurate and higher in pressure to meet the increasingly strict emission, fuel consumption regulations and higher engine performance. It also needs to achieve a number of requirements such as robustness against diversified market fuels, pressure maintenance characteristics in the idle stop system (ISS), easy installation to engine, etc. One of the key component to meet these demands is injector.