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This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides general information on the developing subject of synthetic jet fuels derived from non-petroleum feed stocks. It addresses synthetic jet fuel properties and other topics associated with their use and is intended as a guide to assist aviation fuel system designers in considering important information on fuel properties when designing aircraft fuel systems and components. The AIR is limited to “drop-in” fuels that meet the requirements of the respective fuel specifications and are compatible with typical aircraft and ground refueling systems. While some key properties are included in this AIR for discussion, the reader should utilize documents such as MIL-HDBK-510 or the ASTM International research reports for a more-detailed review of fuel properties. AIR7484 also gives more details on fuel properties, specifically as they relate to airframe fuel system design.

MIL-STD-1290, 14 CFR 27.952, and 14 CFR 29.952 provide crash resistant fuel system design and test criteria that significantly minimize fuel leaks and occurrence of post-crash fire in survivable impacts. This document does not change and does not authorize changes in or deviations from MIL-Standard or regulatory requirements. This document provides guidance for the design, performance, and test criteria for self-sealing breakaway valves.

This document defines design, performance, and test criteria for self-sealing breakaway valves.

This document defines design, performance, and test criteria for self-sealing breakaway valves.

The importance of adequate component procurement specifications to the success of a hardware development program cannot be overemphasized. Specifications which are too stringent can be as detrimental as specifications which are too lax. Performance specifications must not only identify all of the component requirements, but they must also include sufficient quality assurance provisions so that compliance can be verified. It should be understood that in almost every case specifications for components will ultimately become part of a BINDING, WRITTEN CONTRACT (PO). The purpose of this document is to describe types of specifications, provide guidance for the preparation of fluid component specifications, and identify documents commonly referenced in fluid component specifications.

This document establishes requirements, test procedures, and acceptance criteria for the fire testing of fluid handling components and materials used in aircraft fluid systems. It is applicable to fluid handling components other than those prescribed by AS1055 (e.g., hoses, tube assemblies, coils, fittings). It also is applicable to materials, wiring, and components such as reservoirs, valves, gearboxes, pumps, filter assemblies, accumulators, fluid-cooled electrical/electronic components, in-flight fluid system instrumentation, hydromechanical controls, actuators, heat exchangers, and manifolds. These components may be used in fuel, lubrication, hydraulic, or pneumatic systems.

Ice formation in aircraft fuel systems results from the presence of dissolved and undissolved water in the fuel. Dissolved water or water in solution with hydrocarbon fuels constitutes a relatively small part of the total water potential in a particular system with the quantity dissolved being primarily dependent on the fuel temperature and the water solubility characteristics of the fuel. One condition of undissolved water is entrained water such as water particles suspended in the fuel as a result of mechanical agitation of free water or conversion of dissolved water through temperature reduction. Another condition of undissolved water is free water which may be introduced as a result of refueling or the settling of entrained water which collects at the bottom of a fuel tank in easily detectable quantities separated by a continuous interface from the fuel above. Water may also be introduced as a result of condensation from air entering a fuel tank through the vent system.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) is a compilation of engineering references and data useful to the technical community that can be used to ensure fuel system compatibility with composite structure. This AIR is not a complete detailed design guide and is not intended to satisfy all potential fuel system applications. Extensive research, design, and development are required for each individual application.

The scope of this document is to provide pertinent information on demonstrating the performance of Flame Arrestors, also known as Fuel Vent Protectors (FVPs), in preventing the propagation of a deflagration when the arrestors are subjected to aerospace-representative flames produced by the venting of flammable gas through the arrestor. Test procedures for two separate combustion-loading profiles are presented herein: The flame hold test condition, and the flame propagation test condition. For the flame hold test condition, the applicability of two separate critical flows is discussed in which one flow results in the greatest flame arrestor temperature and a second flow results in the greatest temperature of the surrounding structure.