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This Report presents general information on over 50 alloys in which nickel either predominates or is a significant alloying element. It covers primarily wrought materials, and is not necessarily all inclusive. Values given are in most cases average or nominal, and if more precise values are required the producer(s) should be contacted. This report does not cover the so-called "superalloys," or the iron base stainless steels. Refer to SAE J467, Special Purpose Alloys, and SAE J405, Chemical Compositions of SAE Wrought Stainless Steels, respectively, for data on these alloys.

This Report presents general information on over 50 alloys in which nickel either predominates or is a significant alloying element. It covers primarily wrought materials, and is not necessarily all inclusive. Values given are in most cases average or nominal, and if more precise values are required the producer(s) should be contacted. This report does not cover the so-called "superalloys," or the iron base stainless steels. Refer to SAE J467, Special Purpose Alloys, and SAE J405, Chemical Compositions of SAE Wrought Stainless Steels, respectively, for data on these alloys.

Hardness testing with files consists essentially of cutting or abrading the surface of metal parts, and approximating the hardness by the feel, or extent to which, the file bites into the surface. The term "file hard" means that the surface hardness of the parts tested is such that a new file of proven hardness will not cut the surface of the material being tested.

This SAE Recommended Practice outlines a procedure for selecting the proper specification for carbon steel sheet and strip which are purchased to make an identified part. Specifications considered are: ASTM A109—Steel, Carbon, Cold Rolled Strip. ASTM A569—Steel, Carbon (0.15 maximum percent), Hot Rolled Sheet, Commercial Quality (HRCQ). ASTM A621—Steel, Sheet, Carbon, Hot Rolled, Drawing Quality (HRDQ). ASTM A622—Steel, Sheet, Carbon, Hot Rolled, Drawing Quality, Special Killed (HRDQSK). ASTM A568—Steel, Carbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Hot Rolled Sheet, and Cold Rolled Sheet, General Requirements. ASTM A366—Steel, Carbon, Cold Rolled Sheet, Commercial Quality (CRCQ). ASTM A619—Steel, Sheet, Carbon, Cold Rolled, Drawing Quality (CRDQ). ASTM A620—Steel, Sheet, Carbon, Cold Rolled, Drawing Quality, Special Killed (CRDQSK). ASTM A749M—Steel, Carbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy, Hot Rolled Strip, General Requirements.

Hardness testing with files consists essentially of cutting or abrading the surface of metal parts, and approximating the hardness by the feel, or extent to which, the file bites into the surface. The term "file hard" means that the surface hardness of the parts tested is such that a new file of proven hardness will not cut the surface of the material being tested.

Hardness testing with files consists essentially of cutting or abrading the surface of metal parts, and approximating the hardness by the feel, or extent to which, the file bites into the surface. The term file hard means that the surface hardness of the parts tested is such that a new file of proven hardness will not cut the surface of the material being tested.

Hardness testing with files consists essentially of cutting or abrading the surface of metal parts, and approximating the hardness by the feel, or extent to which, the file bites into the surface. The term file hard means that the surface hardness of the parts tested is such that a new file of proven hardness will not cut the surface of the material being tested.

This SAE Information Report provides a uniform means of designating wrought steels during a period of usage prior to the time they meet the requirements for SAE standard steel designation. The numbers consist of the prefix PS1 followed by a sequential number starting with 1. A number once assigned is never assigned to any other composition. A PS number may be obtained for steel composition by submitting a written request to SAE Staff, indicating the chemical composition and other pertinent characteristics of the material. If the request is approved according to established procedures, SAE Staff will assign a PS number to the grade. This number will remain in effect until the grade meets the requirements for an SAE standard steel or the grade is discontinued according to established procedures. Table 1 is a listing of the chemical composition limits of potential standard steels which were considered active on the date of the last survey prior to the date of this report.

The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to provide basic information on penetrating radiation, as applied in the field of nondestructive testing, and to supply the user with sufficient information so that he may decide whether penetrating radiation methods apply to his particular inspection need. Detailed information references are listed in Section 2.

The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to provide basic information on penetrating radiation, as applied in the field of nondestructive testing, and to supply the user with sufficient information so that he may decide whether penetrating radiation methods apply to his particular inspection need. Detailed information references are listed in Section 2.

This SAE Recommended Practice covers the mechanical and chemical requirements of oil tempered chromium-vanadium valve spring quality wire used for the manufacture of engine valve springs and other springs used at moderately elevated temperatures and requiring high fatigue properties. It also covers the basic material and processing requirements of spring fabricated from this wire.

This specification covers the physical and chemical requirements of oil tempered carbon steel valve spring quality wire used for the manufacture of engine valve springs and other springs requiring high-fatigue properties. This specification also covers the basic material and processing requirements of springs fabricated from this wire.

Nondestructive tests are those tests which detect factors related to the serviceability or quality of a part or material without limiting its usefulness. Material defects such as surface cracks, laps, pits, internal inclusions, bursts, shrink, seam, hot tears, and composition analysis can be detected. Sometimes their dimensions and exact location can be determined. Such tests can usually be made rapidly. Processing results such as hardness, case depth, wall thickness, ductility, decarburization, cracks, apparent tensile strength, grain size, and lack of weld penetration or fusion may be detectable and measurable. Service results such as corrosion and fatigue cracking may be detected and measured by nondestructive test methods. In many cases, imperfections can be automatically detected so that parts or materials can be classified.

This recommended microscopic practice for evaluating the inclusion content in steel has been developed as a practical method of quantitatively determining the degree of cleanliness of steel. This method has been established as a reasonable control for steel mill operations and acceptance for production manufacturing. It has been widely accepted for carbon and alloy steel bars, billets, and slabs. Exceptions are resulfurized grades which are outside the limits of these photomicrographs and the high carbon bearing quality steels which are generally classified using ASTM E 45-60T, Method A, Jernkontoret Charts.

Case hardening may be defined as a process for hardening a ferrous material in such a manner that the surface layer, known as the case, is substantially harder than the remaining material, known as the core. The process embraces carburizing, nitriding, carbonitriding, cyaniding, induction, and flame hardening. In every instance, chemical composition, mechanical properties, or both are affected by such practice. This testing procedure describes various methods for measuring the depth to which change has been made in either chemical composition or mechanical properties. Each procedure has its own area of application established through proved practice, and no single method is advocated for all purposes. Methods employed for determining the depth of case are either chemical, mechanical, or visual, and the specimens or parts may be subjected to the described test either in the soft or hardened condition.

Case hardening may be defined as a process for hardening a ferrous material in such a manner that the surface layer, known as the case, is substantially harder than the remaining material, known as the core. The process embraces carburizing, nitriding, carbonitriding, cyaniding, induction, and flame hardening. In every instance, chemical composition, mechanical properties, or both are affected by such practice. This testing procedure describes various methods for measuring the depth to which change has been made in either chemical composition or mechanical properties. Each procedure has its own area of application established through proved practice, and no single method is advocated for all purposes. Methods employed for determining the depth of case are either chemical, mechanical, or visual, and the specimens or parts may be subjected to the described test either in the soft or hardened condition.

This SAE Recommended Practice describes methods for determining plastic deformation encountered in the forming or drawing of sheet steel.