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The purpose of this document is to present general considerations for the design and use of aircraft wheel chocks. The design and use of aircraft wheel chocks is a good deal more complicated than it may appear at first glance.

The purpose of this document is to present general considerations for the design and use of aircraft wheel chocks. The design and use of aircraft wheel chocks is a good deal more complicated than it may appear at first glance.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) covers, and is restricted to, selecting appropriate applications for electric powered ground support equipment (GSE) at airports.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) describes the standards on telemetry data retrieval on ground support equipment (GSE), focusing on wiring requirements, connectors, signal definitions and communication protocols applicable in the industry.

This document shall serve as a guide for format, style, and method of presentation for all material included in manufacturers' publications for ground support equipment (GSE). These requirements shall be observed throughout all publications except where modified by detail requirements for specific publications. AS4828 is not applicable to the development or revision of electronic test equipment user manuals and documents. This document is written in general terms by intention, and in most cases conform to recognized practices in the industry. In the event there is a question which is not specifically covered by this document, the user engineering department should be contacted for guidance before proceeding to the final phase of manual development. Each manual prepared by a manufacturer shall contain an introduction which shall include a brief statement explaining the organization, content, and method for using the manual.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is intended as a guide toward standard practice and is subject to change to keep pace with experience and technical advances.

This specification covers the requirements for solid-state frequency converters with 480 [or 380] V 3-phase, 60 [or 50] Hz input and 115/200 V, 3-phase, 400 Hz output capable of powering aircraft type loads requiring MIL-STD-704D quality power. The frequency converter shall be a self-contained unit suitable for the environment of intended use. Typical applications include dedicated use at passenger loading bridges (mounted under the bridge in telescoping bridge applications or fixed installation at base of stationary type loading bridges) with weatherproof enclosures or hangar/lab use where indoor fixed or portable units can be used.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is applicable to any type of aerospace ground support vehicle, powered or unpowered.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is applicable to any type of aerospace ground support vehicle, powered or unpowered.

The present Aerospace Recommended Practice specifies for airplane operator and tow vehicle manufacturers the basic testing requirements for towbarless tow vehicles to be used on the nose gear of conventional tricycle type landing gears of commercial civil transport aircraft with maximum ramp weight between 8600 kg (19 000 lb) and 50 000 kg (110 000 lb), commonly designated as “regional aircraft”. Its purpose is to achieve testing results, or equivalent computer modeling, demonstrating that the loads induced by the tow vehicle will not exceed the design loads of the airplane’s nose landing gear and associated structure, reduce the certified safe life limit of the nose landing gear, or otherwise compromise the airplane’s structural integrity and airworthiness certification.

The present Aerospace Recommended Practice specifies for airplane operator and tow vehicle manufacturers the basic testing requirements for towbarless tow vehicles to be used on the nose gear of conventional tricycle type landing gears of commercial civil transport aircraft with maximum ramp weight between 8,600 kg (19,000 lb) and 50,000 kg (110,000 lb), commonly designated as “regional aircraft”. Its purpose is to achieve testing results, or equivalent computer modeling, demonstrating that the loads induced by the tow vehicle will not exceed the design loads of the airplane's nose landing gear and associated structure, reduce the certified safe life limit of the nose landing gear, or otherwise compromise the airplane's structural integrity and airworthiness certification.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines recommended ramp pavement marking standards for proper guidance and positioning of GSE on commercial transport aircraft parking and handling stands (gates), in line with International Civil Aviation (ICAO) recommendations applicable to airport aprons. Throughout this document, the minimum essential criteria are identified by use of the key word “shall”. Recommended criteria are identified by use of the key word “should” and, while not mandatory, are considered to be of primary importance in providing safety effective ramp markings. Deviation from recommended criteria should only occur after careful consideration and thorough service evaluation have shown alternate methods to provide an equivalent level of safety.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) specifies pictographic symbols for ground support equipment. They have been compiled for the benefit of those who deal with such equipment like airlines, airport authorities, manufacturers etc. in order to facilitate fast and accurate identification of controls, indicators, and decals of powered and unpowered equipment. This document shall promote standardization of terms for controls, indicators etc. of ground support equipment and eliminate language problems. It is recommended to put these pictograms on all future equipment and to retrofit all existing equipment as far as possible.

The data in this document is, at this stage, primarily concerned with the interface of pallet/container loaders and lower-deck compartments of standard and wide-body aircraft although the principles illustrated may be applied to the main-decks of narrow and wide-body aircraft. NOTE: For the purpose of this document, in accordance with Part 3 of the Directives for the technical work of ISO and with accepted IATA practice, minimum essential criteria defined by the word "shall" are absolute requirements. Recommended criteria identified by the word "should", while considered important, are not mandatory.

The purpose of this specification is to provide airplane operators and tow vehicle manufacturers with: a General design and operating requirements pertinent to test and evaluation of towbarless tow vehicles. Specific design requirements are provided in ARP4852A and ARP4853A. b Test and evaluation requirements. The results of these test evaluations will determine if the loads induced by the tow vehicle will exceed the design loads of the nose gear, reduce the certified safe life limit of the nose gear, or induce a stability problem during pushback and/or maintenance towing operations. This document specifies general test requirements and a test evaluation procedure for towbarless tow vehicles (TLTV) intended for pushback and maintenance towing only. It is not meant for dispatch (operational) towing (see definitions in Section 3). Dispatch towing imposes greater loads on nose gears and structure due to additional passenger, cargo, and fuel loads.

The purpose of this specification is to provide airplane operators and tow vehicle manufacturers with: a General design and operating requirements pertinent to test and evaluation of towbarless tow vehicles. Specific design requirements are provided in ARP4852 and ARP4853. b Test and evaluation requirements. The results of these test evaluations will determine if the loads induced by the tow vehicle will exceed the design loads of the nose gear, or are within the aircraft manufacturer’s limits so that they do not affect the certified safe limit of the nose gear. The results of these test evaluations will also determine if a stability problem may occur during pushback and/or maintenance towing operations with the tested airplane/tow vehicle combination. This document specifies general test requirements and a test evaluation procedure for towbarless tow vehicles (TLTV) intended for pushback and maintenance towing only.

This document applies to special purpose equipment which is used in the ground handling, servicing, and maintenance of transport aircraft. Fixed airport facilities and equipment covered under other sections of Part 1910 of Code of Federal Regulations (OSHA) are excluded from the scope of this document.

This document applies to special purpose equipment which is used in the ground handling, servicing, and maintenance of transport aircraft. Fixed airport facilities and equipment covered under other sections of Part 1910 of Code of Federal Regulations (OSHA) are excluded from the scope of this document.