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Standard

Thermodynamics of Incompressible and Compressible Fluid Flow

2019-04-11

CURRENT

AIR1168/1A

The fluid flow treated in this section is isothermal, subsonic, and incompressible. The effects of heat addition, work on the fluid, variation in sonic velocity, and changes in elevation are neglected. An incompressible fluid is one in which a change in pressure causes no resulting change in fluid density. The assumption that liquids are incompressible introduces no appreciable error in calculations, but the assumption that a gas is incompressible introduces an error of a magnitude that is dependent on the fluid velocity and on the loss coefficient of the particular duct section or piece of equipment. Fig. 1A-1 shows the error in pressure drop resulting from assuming that air is incompressible. With reasonably small loss coefficients and the accuracy that is usually required in most calculations, compressible fluids may be treated as incompressible for velocities less than Mach 0.2.

Standard

Thermodynamics of Incompressible and Compressible Fluid Flow

2011-06-20

HISTORICAL

AIR1168/1

The fluid flow treated in this section is isothermal, subsonic, and incompressible. The effects of heat addition, work on the fluid, variation in sonic velocity, and changes in elevation are neglected. An incompressible fluid is one in which a change in pressure causes no resulting change in fluid density. The assumption that liquids are incompressible introduces no appreciable error in calculations, but the assumption that a gas is incompressible introduces an error of a magnitude that is dependent on the fluid velocity and on the loss coefficient of the particular duct section or piece of equipment. Fig. 1A-1 shows the error in pressure drop resulting from assuming that air is incompressible. With reasonably small loss coefficients and the accuracy that is usually required in most calculations, compressible fluids may be treated as incompressible for velocities less than Mach 0.2.

Standard

TEMPERATURE CONTROL EQUIPMENT, AUTOMATIC AIRPLANE CABIN

1943-01-01

HISTORICAL

ARP89

These specifications are written to cover automatic temperature controls under three classifications, namely: A AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE CONTROLS - GENERAL - Dealing with features applicable to all types and uses. B AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE CONTROLS - MILITARY AND COMMERCIAL - Covering features applicable to military aircraft and commercial aircraft. C DESIRABLE DESIGN FEATURES - General information for use of those concerned in meeting the requirements contained herein.

Standard

Liquid Cooling Systems

2016-09-10

WIP

AIR1811B

The purpose of this Aerospace Information Report (AIR) is to provide guidelines for the selection and design of airborne liquid cooling systems. This publication is applicable to liquid cooling systems of the closed loop type and the expendable coolant type in which the primary function is transporting of heat from its source to a heat sink. Most liquid cooling system applications are oriented toward the cooling of electronics. Liquid cooling techniques, heat sinks, design features, selection of coolants, corrosion control, and servicing requirements for these systems are presented. Information on vapor compression refrigeration systems, which are a type of cooling system, is found in Reference 1.

Standard

High Temperature Pneumatic Duct Systems for Aircraft

2022-03-21

WIP

ARP699F

This Recommended Practice is intended to outline the design, installation, testing, and field maintenance criteria for a high temperature metal pneumatic duct system, for use as a guide in the aircraft industry. These recommendations are to be considered as currently applicable and necessarily subject to revision from time to time, as a result of the rapid development of the industry.

Standard

Heater and Accessories, Aircraft Internal Combustion Heat Exchanger Type

2023-05-10

WIP

AS8040D

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) covers combustion heaters and accessories used in, but not limited to, the following applications: a. Cabin heating (all occupied regions and windshield heating) b. Wing and empennage anti-icing c. Engine and accessory heating (when heater is installed as part of the aircraft) d. Aircraft deicing

Standard

HEATING AND VENTILATING EQUIPMENT, AIRPLANE-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR

1943-01-01

HISTORICAL

ARP85

This specification is written to cover heating and ventilating equipment under four main classifications, namely; A HEATING AND VENTILATING EQUIPMENT - GENERAL - Dealing with features applicable to all makes and uses. B HEATING AND VENTILATING EQUIPMENT - MILITARY - Dealing with features applicable only to military aircraft. C HEATING AND VENTILATING EQUIPMENT - COMMERCIAL - Dealing with features applicable only to commercial aircraft. D DESIRABLE DESIGN FEATURES - General information for use of those concerned in meeting requirements contained herein.

Standard

HEATING AND VENTILATING EQUIPMENT, AIRPLANE-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR

1943-11-01

HISTORICAL

ARP85A

This specification is written to cover heating and ventilating equipment under four main classifications, namely; A HEATING AND VENTILATING EQUIPMENT - GENERAL - Dealing with features applicable to all makes and uses. B HEATING AND VENTILATING EQUIPMENT - MILITARY - Dealing with features applicable only to military aircraft. C HEATING AND VENTILATING EQUIPMENT - COMMERCIAL - Dealing with features applicable only to commercial aircraft. D DESIRABLE DESIGN FEATURES - General information for use of those concerned in meeting requirements contained herein.

Standard

General Requirements for Application of Vapor Cycle Refrigeration Systems for Aircraft

1997-10-01

HISTORICAL

ARP731B

Recommendations of this ARP refer specifically to the application of closed cycle vapor cycle refrigeration systems as a source of cooling in an aircraft air conditioning system. General recommendations for an air conditioning system which may include a vapor cycle system as a cooling source are included in ARP85, Air Conditioning Equipment, General Requirements for Subsonic Airplanes, ARP292, Air Conditioning, Helicopters, General Requirements For, and AIR806, Air Conditioning Design Information for Cargo and High Density Passenger Transport Airplanes, and are not included herein. Vapor cycle refrigeration system design recommendations are presented in this ARP in the following general areas: a SYSTEM Design Recommendations: (See Section 3) b COMPONENT Design Recommendations: (See Section 4) c Desirable Design Features: (See Section 5)

Standard

General Requirements for Application of Vapor Cycle Refrigeration Systems for Aircraft

2021-10-26

WIP

ARP731D

The purpose of this SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is to establish recommendations for the design, installation and testing of air vehicle vapor cycle refrigeration systems. These recommendations are representative of the refrigerant cycles.

Standard

General Requirements for Application of Vapor Cycle Refrigeration Systems for Aircraft

2015-11-09

CURRENT

ARP731C

The purpose of this SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is to establish recommendations for the design, installation and testing of air vehicle vapor cycle refrigeration systems. These recommendations are representative of the refrigerant cycles.

Standard

GUIDE FOR QUALIFICATION TESTING OF AIRCRAFT AIR VALVES

1982-10-01

HISTORICAL

ARP986A

This document defines tests to be performed on electrically, pneumatically, and mechanically actuated (regulating, modulating, and shutoff) air valves. The valves may be further defined as those which function in response to externally applied forces or in response to variations in upstream and/or downstream duct air conditions to maintain a calibrated duct air condition (i.e., air flow, air pressure, air temperature, air pressure ratio, etc.). The requirements of this document should govern for all qualification tests unless different requirements are established by the detail specifications.

Standard

GUIDE FOR QUALIFICATION TESTING OF AIRCRAFT AIR VALVES

1968-11-01

HISTORICAL

ARP986

This document defines the tests to be performed on electrically, pneumatically, and mechanically actuated (regulating, modulating, and shutoff) air valves. The valves may be further defined as those which function in response to externally applied forces or in response to variations in upstream and/or downstream duct air conditions to maintain a calibrated duct air condition (i. e., air flow, air pressure, air temperature, air pressure ratio, etc. ). The requirements of this document should govern for all qualification tests unless different requirements are established by the detail specifications.

Standard

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR APPLICATION OF VAPOR CYCLE REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS FOR AIRCRAFT

1973-04-15

HISTORICAL

ARP731A

Recommendations of this ARP refer specifically to the application of closed cycle vapor cycle refrigeration systems as a source of cooling in an aircraft air conditioning system. General recommendations for an air conditioning system which may include a vapor cycle system as a cooling source are included in ARP 85, Air Conditioning Equipment, General Requirements for Subsonic Airplanes, ARP 292, Air Conditioning, Helicopters, General Requirements For, and AIR 806, Air Conditioning Design Information for Cargo and High Density Passenger Transport Airplanes, and are not included herein.

Standard

Fault Isolation in Environmental Control Systems of Commercial Transports

2011-06-20

HISTORICAL

AIR1266A

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) outlines concepts for the design and use of fault isolation equipment that have general application. The specific focus is on fault isolation of environmental control systems (ECS) in commercial transports. Presented are general fault isolation purposes, design principles, and demonstration of compliance criteria. These are followed by three design examples to aid in understanding the design principles. Future trends in built-in-test-equipment (BITE) design are discussed, some of which represent concepts already being implemented on new equipment.

Standard

Fault Isolation in Environmental Control Systems of Commercial Transports

2021-01-12

CURRENT

AIR1266B

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) outlines concepts for the design and use of fault isolation equipment that have general application. The specific focus is on fault isolation of environmental control systems (ECS) in commercial transports. Presented are general fault isolation purposes, design principles, and demonstration of compliance criteria. These are followed by three design examples to aid in understanding the design principles. Future trends in built-in-test-equipment (BITE) design are discussed, some of which represent concepts already being implemented on new equipment.

Standard

Environmental Control for Civil Supersonic Transport

2011-08-10

CURRENT

AIR746C

This document supplements ARP85, to extend its use in the design of ECS for supersonic transports. The ECS provides an environment controlled within specified operational limits of comfort and safety, for humans, animals, and equipment. These limits include pressure, temperature, humidity, conditioned air velocity, ventilation rate, thermal radiation, wall temperature, audible noise, vibration, and composition (ozone, contaminants, etc.) of the environment. The ECS is comprised of equipment, controls, and indicators that supply and distribute conditioned air to the occupied compartments. This system is defined within the ATA 100 specification, Chapter 21. It interfaces with the pneumatic system (Chapter 36 of ATA 100), at the inlet of the air conditioning system shutoff valves.

Standard

Environmental Control for Civil Supersonic Transport

2006-06-28

HISTORICAL

AIR746B

This document supplements ARP85, to extend its use in the design of ECS for supersonic transports. The ECS provides an environment controlled within specified operational limits of comfort and safety, for humans, animals, and equipment. These limits include pressure, temperature, humidity, conditioned air velocity, ventilation rate, thermal radiation, wall temperature, audible noise, vibration, and composition (ozone, contaminants, etc.) of the environment. The ECS is comprised of equipment, controls, and indicators that supply and distribute conditioned air to the occupied compartments. This system is defined within the ATA 100 specification, Chapter 21. It interfaces with the pneumatic system (Chapter 36 of ATA 100), at the inlet of the air conditioning system shutoff valves.

Standard

Environmental Control Systems Life Cycle Cost

2017-02-07

CURRENT

AIR1812B

This report contains background information on life cycle cost elements and key ECS cost factors. Elements of life cycle costs are defined from initial design phases through operational use. Information on how ECS designs affect overall aircraft cost and information on primary factors affecting ECS costs are discussed. Key steps or efforts for comparing ECS designs on the basis of LCC are outlined. Brief descriptions of two computer programs for estimating LCC of total aircraft programs and their use to estimate ECS LCC, are included.

Standard

Environmental Control Systems Life Cycle Cost

2010-01-20

HISTORICAL

AIR1812A

This report contains background information on life cycle cost elements and key ECS cost factors. Elements of life cycle costs are defined from initial design phases through operational use. Information on how ECS designs affect overall aircraft cost and information on primary factors affecting ECS costs are discussed. Key steps or efforts for comparing ECS designs on the basis of LCC are outlined. Brief descriptions of two computer programs for estimating LCC of total aircraft programs and their use to estimate ECS LCC, are included.