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We used a one-dimensional monolithic catalyst model to predict the transient thermal and conversion characteristics of a dual monolithic catalytic converter with a Palladium only (Pd-only) catalyst and a Palladium/Rhodium (Pd/Rh) catalyst. Prior to the numerical investigation of the dual-catalyst converter, we modified the pre-exponential factor and activation energy of each reaction for both catalysts to achieve acceptable agreement with experimental data under typical operating conditions of automobile applications. We validated the conversion behavior of the lumped parameter model for each catalyst against different engine operating conditions. Two higher cell density substrates, Pd-only catalyst (600cpsi/3.9mil) and Pd/Rh catalyst (600cpsi/4mil), for faster light-off and improved warm-up performance are used in this study and the two monoliths has been connected without the space between monoliths.

An on-board monitoring system for an automobile emission gas has developed using porous ceramic sensor to apply in automotive. We have performed model experiment using similarity and engine dynamometer experiment. By the model experiment, output signal of HC sensor is followed with amount of hydrocarbon in the mixed gas under high temperature range. A single hydrocarbon sensor exposed to the exhaust gas in the chamber to render a signal responsive to the hydrocarbon. The HC sensor in test chamber checked the conductive ions in emission gas. A preferred application includes hydrocarbons in an automotive exhaust gas stream by exposing a porous alumina (Al2O3) ceramic based sensor to the same exhaust gas stream. By combining the electrical signal, a measure of hydrocarbons can be provided. By the developed temperature mode test and the load mode test for engine dynamometer experiment, we have confirmed a possibility of catalyst monitoring used HC sensor in the engine dynamometer.