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Diesel engines are used for automotive application because they have lower specific fuel consumption and superior efficiency compared to the SI engines. However, in spite of these advantages oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and smoke emissions from the diesel engine causes serious environmental problems. In the present work, homogeneous charge diesel combustion (HCDC) concept is used for simultaneous reduction of NOx and smoke emissions. Ethanol is used as a premixed fuel and injected into the port at low pressure during the suction stroke by solenoid-operated injector. Diesel is used as secondary fuel and conventionally injected at the end of the compression stroke. Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) technique was also adapted to find the maximum possible reduction in NOx emission without abrupt increase in hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide emission.

In order to find effective solutions to the problem of air pollution due to combustion processes, attention is paid to the research projects to find alternative sources of energy to replace the rapidly depleting petroleum resources. This paper discusses the experimental studies carried out in a multi-cylinder four stroke gasoline engine using hydrogen as the sole fuel. Apart from this, a new approach on the storage apparatus has also been attempted. The main problem in the gaseous hydrogen storage has been taken care with a new system which is comprised of a capsule that contains nanomaterials in it. Hydrogen is stored in that capsule and it is directly fitted with the engine. This capsule would replace the current fuel storage cylinders. It occupies less size and it also takes care of the safety issues. The performance and emissions characteristics of the hydrogen-fueled engine at constant speed compared with that of gasoline operation has been presented.