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A student design team at Colorado State University (CSU) has developed an innovative snowmobile to compete in the Clean Snowmobile Challenge 2003 competition. This engine concept was originally developed for the CSC 2002 competition and demonstrated the lowest emissions of any engine that competed that year. The team utilized a 3-cylinder, 594cc, loop-scavenged, two-stroke cycle engine (Arctic Cat ZRT600) and then modified the engine to operate with direct in-cylinder fuel injection using the Orbital OCP air-assisted fuel injection system. This conversion required that the team design and cast new heads for the engine. The direct-injection approach reduced carbon monoxide (CO) emissions by 70% and total hydrocarbon (THC) emissions by 90% from a representative stock snowmobile. An oxidation catalyst was then used to oxidize the remaining CO and THC.