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Technical Paper

Membrane-Based Nitrogen-Enriched Air for NOx Reduction in Light-Duty Diesel Engines

2000-03-06
2000-01-0228
The effects of nitrogen-enriched air, supplied by an air separation membrane, on NOx emissions from a 1.9-L turbocharged direct-injection diesel engine were investigated. To enrich combustion air with more nitrogen, prototype air separation membranes were installed between the after-cooler and intake manifold without any additional controls. The effects of nitrogen-enriched combustion air on NOx emissions were compared with and without exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). At sufficient boost pressures (>50 kPag), nitrogen-enriched air from the membrane provided intake oxygen levels that were similar to those of EGR. Compared with EGR, nitrogen-enriched air provided 10-15% NOx reductions during medium to high engine loads and speeds. At part loads, when turbocharger boost pressure was low, the air separation membrane was not effective in enriching air with nitrogen. As a result, NOx reduction was lower, but it was 15-25% better than when EGR was not used.
Technical Paper

Nitrogen Enriched Intake Air Supplied by High Flux Membranes for the Reduction of Diesel NOx Emissions

1998-02-23
980177
Exhaust emissions consisting of oxides of nitrogen (collectively known as NOx) from internal combustion engines present a serious environmental problem. Although the problem exists for both gasoline and diesel engines, the problem is more severe for the diesel engine. NOx formation in an engine depends strongly on flame temperature, and flame temperature is dependent upon the composition of the fuel and the intake air. The concept is to develop and test copolymer modules for Nitrogen Enriched Air (NEA) supply to diesel engines. The objective is to minimize NOx production from diesel engine emissions without a significant loss of fuel efficiency or a significant increase in carbon monoxide and smoke related emissions. In the present study, a module using the latest membrane technology was designed, tested and fabricated. The modules were installed in a diesel engine test stand and tests were run. The NOx level from the test engine using standard air was established.
Technical Paper

Oil Management Module for Lower Engine

1998-02-01
980733
Managing engine oil temperatures and extending service intervals has caused many engine designers to consider crankshaft windage trays. With benefits such as reducing oil aeration and oil temperature while improving engine performance, windage trays have long been used in performance engines. Most automotive engines would benefit from the introduction of windage trays. This paper outlines a new approach in the form of an oil management module for the lower engine, a one piece glass-reinforced nylon composite system which integrates a windage tray with other oil system components such as: pan gasket, pick-up/strainer, baffling and sensor interface. The oil management module is very near to reality since it is the integration of proven nylon composite applications and not a totally new application.
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