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New combustion processes known as Controlled Auto-Ignition (CAI™) for gasoline engine and Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) for Diesel engine are the subject of extensive research worldwide and particularly at IFP. Because of the thermo-chemistry conditions of the charge, the thermal NOx formation is in principle much less than with flames typical of the conventional engines. Indeed, these new combustion processes bring NOx to virtually zero “1 digit” ppm while maintaining a very high thermodynamic efficiency of the combustion. One major issue in the development of CAI combustion for gasoline engines remains the limited engine speed and load range that can be operated in CAI combustion mode, while maintaining near zero NOx and acceptable noise emissions.