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Control systems On-board energy sources Engine mechanical components A-6C1 Fluids and Contamination Control Committee Particulate matter (PM)

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Standard

AEROSPACE - DYNAMIC TEST METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE RELATIVE DEGREE OF CLEANLINESS OF THE DOWNSTREAM SIDE OF FILTER ELEMENTS
1996-05-01
HISTORICAL
ARP599B
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) describes a procedure for determining the insoluble contamination level of the downstream side of filter elements. Results of this procedure represent the particulate released from the tested filter element under the prevailing conditions of the test. The results may be used for comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of various cleaning methods or the cleanliness of elements after cleaning or as received from manufacturers.
Standard

AEROSPACE-CLEANLINESS CLASSIFICATION FOR HYDRAULIC FLUIDS
1990-03-30
HISTORICAL
AS4059A
This SAE Aerospace Standard defines cleanliness levels for particulate contamination of hydraulic fluids and includes methods of reporting data relating to the contamination levels. The contamination levels selected are an extension and simplification of the widely accepted NAS 1638.
Standard

AEROSPACE-CLEANLINESS CLASSIFICATION FOR HYDRAULIC FLUIDS
1995-03-01
HISTORICAL
AS4059B
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines cleanliness levels for particulate contamination of hydraulic fluids and includes methods of reporting data relating to the contamination levels. The contamination levels selected are an extension and simplification of the widely accepted NAS 1638.
Standard

AEROSPACE-CLEANLINESS CLASSIFICATION FOR HYDRAULIC FLUIDS
1988-06-14
HISTORICAL
AS4059
This SAE Aerospace Standard defines cleanliness levels for particulate contamination of hydraulic fluids and includes methods of reporting data relating to the contamination levels. The contamination levels selected are an extension and simplification of the widely accepted NAS 1638.
Standard

AEROSPACE-PARTICLE COUNT DATA CONVERSION AND EXTRAPOLATION
1993-03-02
HISTORICAL
AIR877A
This Aerospace Information Report (AIR) describes a mathematical model that can be used to analyze particle count data. Particle counts that fit the model can be graphically displayed, converted from one counting size-frequency range to another, and extrapolated to estimate counts beyond the measured range. Derivation, applications and calculations are described.
Standard

Aerospace - Chlorinated Solvent Contamination of MIL-H-5606/MIL-H-83282 Vehicle Hydraulic Systems
2002-08-08
HISTORICAL
AIR4713
Although there is controversy regarding the chemical form of chlorine and its relation to harmful effects in the hydraulic fluid (i.e., chloride ions versus organic chloro-compounds versus total chlorine in all forms), it is generally agreed that total chlorine content should be measured and controlled. In the near future, the ban on the manufacture of chlorinated solvents, out of concern for depletion of the ozone layer, may in itself diminish or eliminate chlorine contamination related aircraft malfunctions. It is generally accepted that hydraulic fluid contamination should be held to a minimum under all conditions. The benefits of low contamination levels are improved performance, lower maintenance due to lower wear, corrosion and erosion, longer fluid life, longer component life, etc. Contaminants can be classified into two general types: those that are insoluble and those that are soluble in the hydraulic fluid.
Standard

Aerospace - Chlorinated Solvent Contamination of MIL-H-5606/MIL-H-83282 Vehicle Hydraulic Systems
2013-06-18
CURRENT
AIR4713A
Although there is controversy regarding the chemical form of chlorine and its relation to harmful effects in the hydraulic fluid (i.e., chloride ions versus organic chloro-compounds versus total chlorine in all forms), it is generally agreed that total chlorine content should be measured and controlled. In the near future, the ban on the manufacture of chlorinated solvents, out of concern for depletion of the ozone layer, may in itself diminish or eliminate chlorine contamination related aircraft malfunctions. It is generally accepted that hydraulic fluid contamination should be held to a minimum under all conditions. The benefits of low contamination levels are improved performance, lower maintenance due to lower wear, corrosion and erosion, longer fluid life, longer component life, etc. Contaminants can be classified into two general types: those that are insoluble and those that are soluble in the hydraulic fluid.
Standard

Aerospace - Dynamic Test Method for Determining the Relative Degree of Cleanliness of the Downstream Side of Filter Elements
2002-05-21
HISTORICAL
ARP599C
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) describes a procedure for determining the insoluble contamination level of the downstream side of filter elements. Results of this procedure represent the particulate released from the tested filter element under the prevailing conditions of the test. The results may be used for comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of various cleaning methods or the cleanliness of elements after cleaning or as received from manufacturers.
Standard

Aerospace - Evaluation of Particulate Contamination in Hydraulic Fluid - Membrane Procedure
2018-08-13
CURRENT
ARP4285A
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes a method for evaluating the particulate matter extracted from the working fluid of a hydraulic system or component using a membrane. The amount of particulate matter deposited on the membrane due to filtering a given quantity of fluid is visually compared against a standard membrane in order to provide an indication of the cleanliness level of the fluid.
Standard

Aerospace - Evaluation of Particulate Contamination in Hydraulic Fluid - Membrane Procedure
2008-06-04
HISTORICAL
ARP4285
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes a method for evaluating the particulate matter extracted from the working fluid of a hydraulic system or component using a membrane. The amount of particulate matter deposited on the membrane due to filtering a given quantity of fluid is visually compared against a standard membrane in order to provide an indication of the cleanliness level of the fluid. A particular feature of this method is the membrane preparation to achieve an even particulate distribution on the membrane suitable for other applications. Membrane evaluation using standard membranes, described in this document, is an alternative technique to counting with either an optical microscope (ARP598) or an automatic particle counter (ISO 11500). The latter particle counting procedures are considered more precise.
Standard

Aerospace Fluid Power - Cleanliness Classification for Hydraulic Fluids
2000-08-01
HISTORICAL
AS4059C
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines cleanliness levels for particulate contamination of hydraulic fluids and includes methods of reporting data relating to the contamination levels. The contamination levels selected are an extension of the widely accepted NAS 1638 cleanliness levels.
Standard

Aerospace Fluid Power - Cleanliness Classification for Hydraulic Fluids
2001-04-01
HISTORICAL
AS4059D
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines cleanliness levels for particulate contamination of hydraulic fluids and includes methods of reporting data relating to the contamination levels. The contamination levels selected are an extension of the widely accepted NAS 1638 cleanliness levels.
Standard

Aerospace Fluid Power - Cleanliness Classification for Hydraulic Fluids
2011-03-18
HISTORICAL
AS4059E
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines cleanliness classes for particulate contamination of hydraulic fluids and includes methods of reporting related data (Appendix A). The contamination classes selected are based on the widely accepted NAS 1638 cleanliness classes. Conversion from NAS 1638 cleanliness class specifications to AS4059 class specifications is defined. Comparison of the NAS 1638 classes to AS4059 classes is defined and the differences explained (Appendix B). This document provides versatility in identifying a maximum class in multiple size ranges, total number of particles larger than a specific size or designating a class for each size. NAS 1638 classes based on weight of particles are not applicable to either of these classes and are not included.
Standard

Aerospace Microscopic Sizing and Counting of Particulate Contamination for Fluid Power Systems
2003-01-11
HISTORICAL
ARP598C
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) defines the materials, apparatus and procedure for sizing and counting of particulate contamination, 5 µm or greater, in hydraulic fluid samples by membrane filtration with microscopic counting. It is capable of counting particulate matter in samples withdrawn from fluid power systems as identified by the 12 classes of AS4059 or NAS 1638 and projected beyond these for the five standard ranges specified and can thus serve as the primary document to determine acceptability. It is also capable of revealing but not measuring evidence of abnormal amount of water, other fluids, fine particulate and other materials, especially fibers and metals. It is applicable to all military, civil, space vehicles and test equipment.
Standard

Aerospace Microscopic Sizing and Counting of Particulate Contamination for Fluid Power Systems
2016-06-09
CURRENT
ARP598D
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) defines the materials, apparatus and procedure for sizing and counting of particulate contamination, 5 μm or greater, in hydraulic fluid samples by membrane filtration iwth microscopic counting. It is capable of counting particulate matter in samples withdrawn from fluid power systems as identified by the 12 classes of SAE AS 4059 or NAS 1638 and projected beyond these for the five standard ranges specified and can thus serve as the primary document to determine acceptability. It is also capable of revealing but not measuring evidence of abnormal amount of water, other fluids, fine particulate and other materials, especially fibers and metals. It is applicable to all military, civil, space vehicles and test equipment.
Standard

Aerospace Microscopic Sizing and Counting of Particulate Contamination for Fluid Power Systems
2012-01-19
HISTORICAL
AS598
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines the materials, apparatus and procedure for sizing and counting of particulate contamination, 5 µm or greater, in hydraulic fluid samples by membrane filtration with microscopic counting. The microscopic counting method is capable of counting particulate matter in samples withdrawn from fluid power systems as identified by the 12 classes of AS4059 and projected beyond these for the five standard ranges specified and can thus serve as the primary document to determine acceptability. It is also capable of revealing but not measuring evidence of abnormal amount of water, other fluids, fine particulate and other materials, especially fibers and metals. It is applicable to all military, civil, space vehicles and test equipment.
Standard

Aerospace-Particle Count Data Conversion and Extrapolation
2012-09-24
CURRENT
AIR877C
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) describes a mathematical model that can be used to analyze particle count data. Particle counts that fit the model can be graphically displayed, converted from one counting size-frequency range to another, and extrapolated to estimate counts beyond the measured range. Derivation, applications, and calculations are described.
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