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Now a day’s waste becoming an environmental impact globally, the focus of the researchers have to admin the problem caused by the waste. The natural fibers mostly known as extracted fibers from plants which are available in large scale may solve the requirements of industrial components as well as automotive needs. The replacement of plastics with natural fiber components is one good choice to avoid large dump of thermo and thermo setting plastics. To attain the standards of solving desires of plastic thing replacements researches wished within the vicinity of natural fibers to obtain the comparative properties of plastics. To expand composites with good mechanical, chemical amendment of fibre achieved to reduce the hydrophilic conduct of fibers and the absorption of moisture.

Flyash and Silicon carbide reinforced phenolic formaldehyde-based hybrid polymer matrix composites (PMC) were fabricated with various weight ratios such as 8%, 12%, and 16%, respectively followed by their mechanical characterization such as tensile, flexural, density, impact and hardness properties as per the ASTM standards. The hand layup method was used to fabricate the PMC. The tensile behavior of PMC has revealed that it is highly dependent on the weight fraction of resin i.e. followed a consistent reduction with the increment in the flyash and silicon carbide contents. Whereas the density, impact and hardness behavior have observed a gradual enhancement upto 12% weight ratio of flyash and silicon carbide but thereafter it has been decreased. Similarly, the flexural behavior of PMC has decreased due to the addition of flyash and silicon carbide.

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) overcomes many of the problems associated with traditional joining techniques. F SW is a solid-state process which produces welds of high quality in difficult-to-weld materials such as aluminum and is fast becoming the process of choice for manufacturing lightweight transport structures such as boats, trains and aero planes. A rotating cylindrical tool with a profiled probe is fed in to a butt joint between two clamped workpieces, until the shoulder, which has a larger diameter than the pin, touches the surface of the workpieces. The probe is slightly shorter than the weld depth required, with the tool shoulder riding at the top of the work surface. In this dissertation two Aluminum 6082 plates were joined with friction stir welding technique. The primary objective of this work is to study the effect of root gap and variation in tool speed on the properties of base metal i.e. AL6082.

In the present study the fabrication of joints between the nickel base alloys and steels of various grades have been under taken, joining of these metals has assumed new importance by virtue of their widespread in nuclear and aerospace applications. Such joints provide excellent strength, oxidation and corrosion resistance. This paper deals with the study of weldability, and mechanical properties of weld joints of two different alloys such as nickel based alloy- monel 400 and austenitic stainless steel AISI 321.