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Diesel engines have occupied a significant position in passenger car applications in the present automotive sector. Turbochargers find a very prominent role in diesel engines of all applications in order to achieve desired power and better fuel economy. Gaining higher torque at lower engine speeds with low smoke levels is a very tough task with fixed geometry turbochargers due to availability of lower air mass resulting in higher smoke emissions. Variable geometry turbochargers are capable of providing better torque at lower speeds and reduced smoke emissions on Common Rail Diesel engines. The Variable Geometry Turbocharger types used in this study are straight profile nozzle vanes (sample A) and curved profile nozzle vanes (sample B). The curved profile vanes as seen in sample B results in reduced variation of circumferential pressure distortions.

The never-ending concern on the air quality and atmospheric pollution has paved way for more stringent emission legislations. Existing Diesel engine hardware face several problems on meeting the tough emission limits and they require more additional features to comply with the emission standards. The current research work throws light on the air path control approach to meet the Bharat stage 4 emission norms on 2.2 L Sports Utility Vehicle engine operating with EGR cooler and the techniques followed to meet the same emission norms without the application of EGR cooler which was successfully implemented on the vehicles enabling reduction of hardware. Also the migration of 2.2 L engine from 88 kW operating on Compression ratio 18.5 to 103 kW at a lower Compression ratio of 16.5 is a challenging process to achieve Nitrogen oxide emissions reduction at part loads.

Improving the fuel economy of the vehicle resulting in energy conservation on long run is a challenging task in the automotive field without compromising the emission margins. Fuel economy improvement by effective driving is the main focus of this paper by the proper utilization of gears which can enable good fuel economy even when the vehicle is driven by different drivers. GSI technique was implemented on Sports utility vehicle operating with 2.2 l engine. Tests were carried with GSI and the effect of fuel consumption and emissions were compared to the regular driving cycle. Optimization of various gear shifting points were analyzed and implemented for better fuel economy keeping the drivability in mind, meeting the BS4 emission norms comfortably. The experiments were carried out in both cold and hot conditions to check the effect of GSI and positive results of fuel economy improvement was yielded.