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The effects of stress in brain material was investigated with experimental and computational idealizations of the head. A water-filled cylinder impacted by a free traveling mass serves to give insight into what could happen to the brain during impact. Under an impact of sufficient velocity, cavitation can occur on the cylinder boundary opposite impact. Limited internal vaporization of the fluid may also occur during severe impact events. Cavitation occurred in these experiments at accelerations greater than 150 g's. Head forms of different sizing will experience an acceleration magnitude inversely proportional to the size difference to produce a similar pressure/cavitation response.

This paper directs attention to a specific region of the air-bag deployment process. Both experimental and analytical results are presented. Experimental procedures and their results are presented along with a two dimensional unsteady isentropic CFD model and a empirical gas-jet model.

A theoretical digital simulation of a conventional diesel fuel injection system has been developed. The influence of such factors as wave propagation phenomena, pipe friction, and cavitation are included. The computer results are compared with transient pressures as measured on an actual fuel injection system operated on a test bench. The comparisons show the accuracy and validity of this simulation scheme. Special attention is given to some of the important factors that affect the accuracy of the simulation model. These include the effect of pressure on the fuel bulk modulus and wave speed, the pipe line residual pressure, and the coefficient of discharge of important orifices.