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This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) establishes the minimum requirements for ground-based aircraft deicing/anti-icing methods and procedures to ensure the safe operation of aircraft during icing conditions on the ground. This document does not specify the requirements for particular aircraft models.NOTE: Refer to particular aircraft operator or aircraft manufacturer’s published manuals and procedures.The application of the procedures specified in this document are intended to effectively remove and/or prevent the accumulation of frost, snow, slush, or ice contamination which can seriously affect the aerodynamic performance and/or the controllability of an aircraft. The principal method of treatment employed is the use of fluids qualified to AMS1424 (Type I fluid) and AMS1428 (Type II, III, and IV fluids).All guidelines referred to herein are applicable only in conjunction with the applicable documents.

This technical information report (IR) presents a methodology to evaluate battery pack liquid leak tightness attributes to be used in a production line to satisfy the functional requirement for IPX7, water ingress requirement, and no sustainable coolant leakage for coolant circuits. The Equivalent Channel Method is used as a suggested production leak tightness requirement for a given battery pack design that will correlate and assure that the battery pack meets or exceeds its functional requirement. Obtaining the specific geometry of the Equivalent Channel (EC) for a given battery pack is done analytically and empirically in consideration of the product design limitations. This document is a precursor to J3277-1, which will present the practices to qualify that product leak tightness is equal or better than the maximum allowed EC for that product using applicable and commercially available leak test technologies.

This document covers the general physical, electrical, functional, testing, and performance requirements for conductive power transfer, primarily for vehicles using a conductive ACD connection capable of transferring DC power. It defines conductive power transfer methods, including the infrastructure electrical contact interface, the vehicle connection interface, the electrical characteristics of the DC supply, and the communication system. It also covers the functional and dimensional requirements for the vehicle connection interface and supply equipment interface. New editions of the documents shall be backwards compatible with the older editions. There are also sub-documents which are identified by a SAE J3105/1, SAE J3105/2, and SAE J3105/3. These will be specific requirements for a specific interface defined in the sub-document.

This document describes guidelines, methods, and tools used to perform the ongoing safety assessment process for transport airplanes in commercial service (hereafter, termed “airplane”). The process described herein is intended to support an overall safety management program. It is associated with showing compliance with the regulations, and also with assuring a company that it meets its own internal standards. The methods identify a systematic means, but not the only means, to assess ongoing safety.While economic decision-making is an integral part of the safety management process, this document addresses only the ongoing safety assessment process. To put it succinctly, this document addresses the “Is it safe?” part of safety management; it does not address the “How much does it cost?” part of the safety management.This document also does not address any specific organizational structures for accomplishing the safety assessment process.

This document describes a process that may be used to perform the ongoing safety assessment for (1) GAR aircraft and components (hereafter, aircraft), and (2) commercial operators of GAR aircraft. The process described herein is intended to support an overall safety management program. It is to help a company establish and meet its own internal standards. The process described herein identifies a systematic means, but not the only means, to assess continuing airworthiness.Ongoing safety management is an activity dedicated to assuring that risk is identified and properly eliminated or controlled. The safety management process includes both safety assessment and economic decision-making. While economic decision-making (factors related to scheduling, parts, and cost) is an integral part of the safety management process, this document addresses only the ongoing safety assessment process.

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS)/Minimum Operational Performance Specification (MOPS) specifies the minimum performance requirements of Remote On-Ground Ice Detection Systems (ROGIDS). These systems are ground-based. They provide information that indicates whether frozen contamination is present on aircraft surfaces. Section 1 provides information required to understand the need for the ROGIDS, ROGIDS characteristics, and tests that are defined in subsequent sections. It describes typical ROGIDS applications and operational objectives and is the basis for the performance criteria stated in Section 3 through Section 5. Section 2 provides reference information, including related documents, abbreviations, and definitions. Section 3 contains general design requirements for the ROGIDS. Section 4 contains the Minimum Operational Performance Requirements for the ROGIDS, which define performance in icing conditions likely to be encountered during ground operations.

Generate guidance and example(s) regarding Airworthiness Security inputs to the Aircraft/System Development Processes in ARP 4754B sections 4.2 thru 4.6, and section 6. Also, clarify any essential output(s) from the Aircraft/System Development Processes that the Airworthiness Security Process DO-326A requires as input(s).

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) covers forced air technology including: reference material, equipment, safety, operation, and methodology. This resource document is intended to provide information and minimum safety guidelines regarding use of forced air or forced air/fluid equipment to remove frozen contaminants. During the effective period of this document, relevant sections herein should be considered and included in all/any relevant SAE documents.

This SAE Recommended Practice establishes uniform procedures for testing battery electric vehicles (BEVs) which are capable of being operated on public and private roads. The procedure applies only to vehicles using batteries as their sole source of power. It is the intent of this document to provide standard tests which will allow for the determination of energy consumption and range for light-duty vehicles (LDVs) based on the federal emission test procedure (FTP) using the urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) and the highway fuel economy driving schedule (HFEDS) and provide a flexible testing methodology that is capable of accommodating additional test cycles as needed. Additionally, this SAE Recommended Practice provides five-cycle testing guidelines for vehicles performing supplementary testing on the US06, SC03, and cold FTP procedure. Realistic alternatives should be allowed for new technology.

The design and location of rear-viewing mirrors or systems, and the presentation of the rear view to the driver can best be achieved if the designer and the engineer have adequate references available on the physiological functions of head and eye movements and on the perceptual capabilities of the human visual system. The following information and charts are provided for this purpose. For more complete information of the relationship of vision to forward vision, see SAE SP-279.

This AIR provides a detailed example of the aircraft and systems development for a function of a hypothetical S18 aircraft. In order to present a clear picture, an aircraft function was broken down into a single system. A function was chosen which had sufficient complexity to allow use of all the methodologies, yet was simple enough to present a clear picture of the flow through the process. This function/system was analyzed using the methods and tools described in ARP4754A/ED-79A. The aircraft level function is “Decelerate Aircraft On Ground” and the system is the braking system. The interaction of the braking system functions with the aircraft are identified with the relative importance based on implied aircraft interactions and system availabilities at the aircraft level. This example does not include validation and verification of the aircraft level hazards and interactions with the braking system.

Consolidate ice adhesion & accretion (and shedding) testing methods & define their applicability to real world icing conditions (need to define the attributes & processes) Document the physics governing ice adhesion strengths & accretion behaviors Define characteristics of ice formed in a range of atmosphere conditions Propose testing methods & facility requirements capable of differentiating ice adhesion consistently Define material properties affecting ice adhesion, including surface characteristics, preparation methods, and degradation Definitions of terminologies (ice types, atmosphere conditions, accretion dynamics, strengths & applicability (shear, tensile etc.), passive ice protection vs. active ice protection, etc.)

SAE J3108 RP provides fuel and hazard guidance for first and second responders of incidents associated with alternative fueled vehicles. The intent of this SAE J3108-1 RP is to remain with the limited number of seven intuitive and colored letters contained in each of the first two letter positions (72=49). However, the use of four letters plus nine digits (to not use either 0 or o) permits up to 1185921 unique identifiers (334) for future expansion. The RP is not intended to replace the standards for SAE J2990 format emergency response guide (ERG) created by automotive manufacturers for use at the scene of an emergency. Automotive OEMs are encouraged to reference this RP for industry design guidance when creating vehicle requirements and ERGs. This coding should be consistent with other vehicle badging with the goal of providing additional clarity.

This document facilitates clear and consistent comparisons of realistic charging capabilities of passenger vehicles via commercially available EVSE. Common test procedures and metrics are established for both vehicles and EVSE operating without limitations in nominal conditions. This document does not attempt to address performance variations of EV-EVSE interactions outside of nominal conditions such as extreme temperatures, variable SOCs, and so on.

This user’s manual covers the instrumented arm for the Hybrid III 5th Percentile Small Female dummy as well as the SID –IIs dummy. It is intended for technicians and engineers who have an interest in assessing arm injury from the use of frontal and side impact airbags. It covers the construction, disassembly and reassembly, available instrumentation, and segment masses.

This document provides information and guidance material to assist in assessing the need for and feasibility of developing deicing facilities, the planning (size and location) and design of deicing facilities, and assessing environmental considerations and operational considerations associated with de-icing facilities. The document presents relevant information necessary to define the need for a deicing facility and factors influencing its size, location, and operation. The determination of the need for deicing facilities rests with Airports. Although this document intends to provide information to airport operator and deicing facility planner/designer, all stakeholders, including deicing service providers, should be involved in the development process.

This SAE Information Report establishes use cases for a plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) communicating with a DER Managing Entity (DME) as a distributed energy resource (DER) which is supported by SAE J2847/3. This document also provides guidance for updates to SAE J2847/2 to allow an inverter in an EVSE to use the PEV battery when operating together as either a DER or as a power source for loads which are not connected in parallel with the utility grid. Beyond these two specific communication objectives, this document is also intended to serve as a broad guide to the topic of reverse power flow (discharging) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is an industrial collaboration with regulatory bodies like the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to determine the worst-case credible thermal runaway (TR) condition (energy released and maximum temperature) for the design of an aviation large propulsion battery system to quantitatively verify TR in lieu of battery level RTCA DO-311A testing with protections disabled. The ARP considers the three stages of TR within a cell and defines the two critical temperatures for a specific cell design. These temperatures are key to understanding the layers of monitoring necessary to determine the severity of a TR event. Different trigger methods can be used to quantify the heating characteristics and resultant energy profile releases as a function of time.

This SAE Recommended Practice establishes uniform procedures for testing fuel cell and hybrid fuel cell electric vehicles, excluding low speed vehicles, designed primarily for operation on the public streets, roads and highways. The procedure addresses those vehicles under test using compressed hydrogen gas supplied by an off-board source or stored and supplied as a compressed gas onboard. This practice provides standard tests that will allow for determination of fuel consumption and range based on the US Federal Emission Test Procedures, using the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) and the Highway Fuel Economy Driving Schedule (HFEDS). Chassis dynamometer test procedures are specified in this document to eliminate the test-to-test variations inherent with track testing, and to adhere to standard industry practice for fuel consumption and range testing.