EDR's were first installed in 1994 and are now installed in 99% of new light vehicles sold in the US. In the US EDR’s are not required, but vehicles with EDR’s made after 9/1/2012 must meet minimum standardized content requirements of 49 CFR, Part 563 including speed, throttle, brake on/off and Delta V. Data must be retrievable with a publicly available tool. Only a few manufacturers install EDR’s worldwide currently, but the EU and China are adopting regulations to require them in the next few years.
Crash reconstruction is a scientific process that utilizes principles of physics and empirical data to analyze the physical, electronic, video, audio, and testimonial evidence from a crash to determine how and why the crash occurred. This course will introduce this reconstruction process as it gets applied to various crash types - in-line and intersection collisions, pedestrian collisions, motorcycle crashes, rollover crashes, and heavy truck crashes. Methods of evidence documentation will be covered. Analysis methods will also be presented for electronic data from event data recorders and for video.
Safety continues to be one of the most important factors in motor vehicle design, manufacturing, and marketing. This course provides a comprehensive overview of these critical automotive safety considerations: injury and anatomy; human tolerance and biomechanics; occupant protection; testing; and federal legislation. The knowledge shared at this course enables participants to be more aware of safety considerations and to better understand and interact with safety experts. This course has been approved by the Accreditation Commission for Traffic Accident Reconstruction (ACTAR) for 18 Continuing Education Units (CEUs).
Photographs and video recordings of vehicle crashes and accident sites are more prevalent than ever, with dash mounted cameras, surveillance footage, and personal cell phones now ubiquitous. The information contained in these pictures and videos provide critical information to understanding how crashes occurred, and analyze physical evidence. This course teaches the theory and techniques for getting the most out of digital media, including correctly processing raw video and photographs, correcting for lens distortion, and using photogrammetric techniques to convert the information in digital media to usable scaled three-dimensional data.
The cost of this introductory course can be applied to the cost of the full courses: C2215, Safety Management Systems for Design, Manufacturing and Maintenance Providers in Aviation C2216, Safety Risk Management and Safety Assurance for Design, Manufacturing and Maintenance Providers in Aviation Historically, organizations tend to be punitive and focused on who to blame when an unwanted event occurs. Investigations can begin with the intent to blame and discipline which leads to adversarial relationships between management and employees.
Driving simulators allow the testing of driving functions, vehicle models and acceptance assessment at an early stage. For a real driving experience, it's necessary that all immersions are depicted as realistically as possible. When driving manually, the perceived haptic steering wheel torque plays a key role in conveying a realistic steering feel. To ensure this, complex multi-body systems are used with numerous of parameters that are difficult to identify. Therefore, this study shows a method how to generate a realistic steering feel with a nonlinear open-loop model which only contains significant parameters, particularly the friction of the steering gear. This is suitable for the steering feel in the most driving on-center area. Measurements from test benches and real test drives with an Electric Power Steering (EPS) were used for the Identification and Validation of the model.
The optimization and further development of automated driving functions offers great potential to relieve the driver in various driving situations and increase road safety. Simulative testing in particular is an indispensable tool in this process, allowing conclusions to be drawn about the design of automated driving functions at a very early stage of development. In this context, the use of driving simulators provides support so that the driving functions of tomorrow can be experienced in a very safe and reproducible environment. The focus of the acceptance and optimization of automated driving functions is particularly on vehicle lateral control functions. As part of this paper, a test person study was carried out regarding manual vehicle lateral control on the dynamic vehicle road simulator at the Institute of Automotive Engineering.
Autonomous driving is a hot topic in the automotive domain, and there is an increasing need to prove its reliability. They use machine learning techniques, which are themselves stochastic techniques based on some kind of statistical inference. The occurrence of incorrect decisions is part of this approach and often not directly related to correctable errors. The quality of the systems is indicated by statistical key figures such as accuracy and precision. Numerous driving tests and simulations in simulators are extensively used to provide evidence. However, the basis of all descriptive statistics is a random selection from a probability space. The difficulty in testing or constructing the training and test data set is that this probability space is usually not well defined. To systematically address this shortcoming, ontologies have been and are being developed to capture the various concepts and properties of the operational design domain.
This title includes the technical papers developed for the 2023 Stapp Car Crash Conference, the premier forum for the presentation of research in impact biomechanics, human injury tolerance, and related fields, advancing the knowledge of land-vehicle crash injury protection. The conference provides an opportunity to participate in open discussion about the causes and mechanisms of injury, experimental methods and tools for use in impact biomechanics research, and the development of new concepts for reducing injuries and fatalities in automobile crashes.
This course introduces basic tire mechanics, including tire construction components based on application type, required sidewall stamping in accordance with DoT/ECE regulations, tread patterns, regulatory and research testing on quality, tire inspections and basic tire failure identification. The course will provide you with information that you can use immediately on-the-job and apply to your own vehicle. This course is practical in nature and supplemented with samples and hands-on activities.
In pursuing sustainable automotive technologies, exploring alternative fuels for hybrid vehicles is crucial in reducing environmental impact and aligning with global carbon emission reduction goals. This work compares methanol and naphtha as potential suitable alternative fuels for running in a battery-driven light-duty hybrid vehicle by comparing their performance with the diesel baseline engine. This work employs a 0-D vehicle simulation model within the GT-Power suite to replicate vehicle dynamics under the Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC). The vehicle choice enables the assessment of a delivery application scenario using distinct payload capacities: 0%, 25%, 50%, and 100%. The model is fed with engine maps derived from previous experimental work conducted in the same engine, in which a full calibration was obtained that ensures the engine's operability in a wide region of rotational speed and loads.
Authors : Thomas ANTOINE, Christophe THEVENARD, Pierrick BOTTA, Jerome DESTREE, Alain Le Quenven Future noise emission limits for passenger car are going to lower levels by 2024 (Third phase of R51-03, with a limit of 68dBA for the pass by noise) –Social cost of noise for France in 2021, shows clearly that the dominant source of noise pollution is indeed road traffic (81 Bn€ for a total of 146 Bn€) This R51 regulation is meant to lower the noise pollution from road traffic, however when looking closer to the sound source and their contributions, in particular the tire/road noise interaction, the environmental efficiency of this regulation is questionable. Indeed: Tire/Road interaction involves tires characteristics, that are constrained by an array of specification for energy efficiency, safety (wet grip, braking, etc…) and it has been proven that there is a physical limit to what could be expected from the tire as far as tire/road interaction noise is concerned.
Computer modelling, virtual prototyping and simulation is widely used in the automotive industry to optimize the development process. While the use of CAE is widespread, on its own it lacks the ability to provide observable acoustics or tactile vibrations for decision makers to assess, and hence optimize the customer experience. Subjective assessment using Driver-in-Loop simulators to experience data has been shown to improve the quality of vehicles and reduce development time and uncertainty. Efficient development processes require a seamless interface from detailed CAE simulation to subjective evaluations suitable for high level decision makers. In the context of perceived vehicle vibration, the need for a bridge between complex CAE data and realistic subjective evaluation of tactile response is most compelling. A suite of VI-grade noise and vibration simulators have been developed to meet this challenge.
This class will provide the student with the skills, knowledge, and abilities to interpret, analyze and apply HVEDR data in real-world applications. This course has been designed to build on the concepts presented in the SAE course Accessing and Interpreting Heavy Vehicle Event Data Recorders (ID# C1022). Advanced topics will include associating HVEDR data with collision events through timestamps, odometer logs, and data signatures, validating HVEDR speed data using specified vehicle parameters, performing time and distance analyses using HVEDR data, and correlating HVEDR data to physical evidence from the vehicle and roadway.