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Technical Paper

The irrotational intensity: an efficient tool to understand the vibration energy propagation in complex structures using an FE Model.

2024-06-12
2024-01-2942
Although structural intensity was introduced in the 80's, this concept never found practical applications, neither for numerical nor experimental approaches. Quickly, it has been pointed out that only the irrotational component of the intensity offers an easy interpretation of the dynamic behavior of structures by visualizing the vibration energy flow. This is especially valuable at mid and high frequency where the structure response understanding can be challenging. A new methodolodgy is proposed in order to extract this irrotational intensity field from the Finite Element Model of assembled structures such as Bodies In White. This methodology is hybrid in the sense that it employs two distinct solvers: a dynamic solver to compute the structural dynamic response and a thermal solver to address a diffusion equation analogous to the thermal conduction built from the previous dynamic response.
Technical Paper

Assessing the Structural Feasibility and Recyclability of Flax/PLA Bio-Composites for Enhanced Sustainability

2024-06-01
2024-26-0407
Bio-composites have gained significant attention within the aerospace industry due to their potential as a sustainable solution that addresses the demand for lightweight materials with reduced environmental impact. These materials blend natural fibers sourced from renewable origins, such as plant-based fibers, with polymer matrices to fabricate composite materials that exhibit desirable mechanical properties and environmental friendliness. The aerospace sector's growing interest in bio-composites originates from those composites’ capacity to mitigate the industry's carbon footprint and decrease dependence on finite resources. This study aims to investigate the suitability of utilizing plant derived flax fabric/PLA (polylactic acid) matrix-based bio-composites in aerospace applications, as well as the recyclability potential of these composites in the circular manufacturing economy.
Magazine

Aerospace & Defense Technology: May 2024

2024-05-09
Explaining MOSA from the Team that Led the Army Aviation Mission Computing Environment Task Order What's the Best DC Motor for Your Commercial Aerospace Application? Aerospace Production: Overcoming Challenges in Composite Machining Understanding the Limits of Artificial Intelligence for Predictive Maintenance Pushing the Limits: Engineering Advanced RF Interconnects to Meet the Challenges of Hypersonic Missile Development Expanding Possibilities for Superconducting Qubits With Niobium Researchers Help Robots Navigate Efficiently in Uncertain Environments A new algorithm reduces travel time by identifying shortcuts a robot could take on the way to its destination.
Standard

Nuts, Self-Locking, UNS N07001 730 °C, 1100 MPa, and 1210 MPa Procurement Specification for, Metric

2024-05-09
CURRENT
MA1943C
This procurement specification covers aircraft quality self-locking nuts for wrenching (hex, spline) and anchor (plate, gang channel, shank) types of nuts made from a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel-base alloy of the type identified under the Unified Numbering System as UNS N07001. Tension height nuts having overall length of threaded portion not less than 1.2 times the nominal thread diameter have 1210 MPa minimum tensile strength at room temperature. Shear height nuts having shorter threaded portion have 1100 MPa minimum tensile strength at room temperature. Maximum test temperature of parts is 730 °C.
Journal Article

Experimental Analysis of Heat Transfer Post Quenching of Medium Carbon Steel

2024-05-08
Abstract Transient temperature analysis is involved in the thermal simulation of the heat treatment process, in which the hot metal temperature changes with respect to time from an initial state to the final state. The critical part of the simulation is to determine the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) between the hot part and the quenching medium or quenchant. In liquid quenching, the heat transfer between the hot metal part and water becomes complicated and it is difficult to determine HTC. In the current experimentation a medium carbon steel EN 9 rod with a diameter of 50 mm and length 100 mm was quenched in water and ethylene glycol mixture with different concentrations. A part model was created; meshed and actual boundary conditions were applied to conduct computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. In order to validate CFD analysis the experimental trials were conducted.
Technical Paper

Anti-Rollover Control for All-Terrain Vehicle Based on Zero-Moment Point

2024-04-30
2024-01-5055
To investigate the rollover phenomena experienced by all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) during their motion caused by input from the road surface, a combined simulation using CarSim and Simulink has been employed to validate an active anti-rollover control strategy based on differential braking for ATVs, followed by vehicle testing. In the research process, a nonlinear three-degrees-of-freedom vehicle model has been developed. By utilizing a zero-moment point index as a rollover warning indicator, this approach could accurately detect the rollover status of the vehicle, particularly in scenarios involving low road adhesion on unpaved surfaces, which are characteristic of ATV operation. The differential braking, generating a roll moment by adjusting the amount of lateral force each braked tire can generate, was proved as an effective method to enhance rolling stability.
Technical Paper

Influence of Machining Parameters on Tungsten Carbide Inserts in ANSYS Analysis of Maraging Steel Machining

2024-04-29
2024-01-5057
The machining process is employed to transform a workpiece into a predefined geometry with the assistance of a cutting tool. Throughout this process, the cutting tool undergoes various adverse effects, including deformation, stress, thermal gradient, and more, all of which impact tool sharpness, surface finish, and tool life. These outcomes are also influenced by cutting parameters, specifically cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. The present investigation aims to demonstrate the application of ANSYS analysis software in predicting stress, deformation, thermal gradient, and other factors on the tool insert tip for various machining parameters. To achieve this, an experimental setup was arranged to collect cutting force and temperature data using a dynamometer and thermocouples during the machining process of maraging steel with a tungsten carbide tool insert. Experiments were conducted with different combinations of machining parameters using design of experiments (DoE).
Standard

Titanium Alloy Bars, Forgings, and Flash-Welded Rings, 5Al - 2.5V - 4Sn - 1Co - 0.8Fe Annealed

2024-04-25
CURRENT
AMS6903
This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars, forgings, and flash-welded rings up through 12.000 inches (304.80 mm), inclusive, in diameter or least distance between parallel sides, and stock of any size for forging or flash-welded rings. Bars, forgings, and flash-welded rings with a nominal thickness of 3.000 inches (79.20 mm) or greater shall have a maximum cross-sectional area of 113 square inches (729 cm2) (see 8.5).
Journal Article

Failure Analysis of Cryogenically Treated and Gas Nitrided Die Steel in Rotating Bending Fatigue

2024-04-24
Abstract AISI H13 hot work tool steel is commonly used for applications such as hot forging and hot extrusion in mechanical working operations that face thermal and mechanical stress fluctuations, leading to premature failures. Cryogenic treatment was applied for AISI H13 steel to improve the surface hardness and thereby fatigue resistance. This work involves failure analysis of H13 steel specimens subjected to cryogenic treatment and gas nitriding. The specimens were heated to 1020°C, oil quenched followed by double tempering at 550°C for 2 h, and subsequently, deep cryogenically treated at −185°C in the cryochamber. Gas nitriding was carried out for 24 h at 500°C for 200 μm case depth in NH3 surroundings. The specimens were subjected to rotating bending fatigue at constant amplitude loading at room temperature.
Technical Paper

Mathematical Model for the Rotation of a Door Including Vehicle Inclination

2024-04-17
2024-01-5045
The analysis presented in this document demonstrates the mathematical model approach for determining the rotation of a door about the hinge axis. Additional results from the model are the torque due to gravity about the axis, opening force, and the door hold open check link force. Vector mechanics, equations of a plane, and parametric equations were utilized to develop this model, which only requires coordinate points as inputs. This model allows for various hinge axis angles and door rotation angles to quickly be analyzed. Vehicle pitch and roll angles may also be input along with door mass to determine the torque about the hinge axis. The vector calculations to determine the moment arm of the door check link and its resulting force are demonstrated for both a standard check link design and an alternate check link design that has the link connected to a slider translated along a shaft.
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