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Training / Education

Introduction to Commercial and Off-Road Vehicle Cooling Airflow Systems

2024-09-12
Vehicle functional requirements, emission regulations, and thermal limits all have a direct impact on the design of a powertrain cooling airflow system. Given the expected increase in emission-related heat rejection, suppliers and vehicle manufacturers must work together as partners in the design, selection, and packaging of cooling system components. The goal of this two-day course is to introduce engineers and managers to the basic principles of cooling airflow systems for commercial and off-road vehicles.
Training / Education

AS9145 Requirements for Advanced Product Quality Planning and Production Part Approval

2024-07-08
This course is verified by Probitas as meeting the AS9104/3A requirements for Continuing Professional Development. Production and continual improvement of safe and reliable products is key in the aviation, space, and defense industries. Customer and regulatory requirements must not only be met, but they are typically expected to exceeded requirements. Due to globalization, the supply chain of this industry has been expanded to countries which were not part of it in the past and has complicated the achievement of requirements compliance and customer satisfaction.
Training / Education

AS13100 and RM13004 Design and Process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis and Control Plans

2024-07-03
This course is verified by Probitas Authentication as meeting the AS9104/3A requirements for continuing Professional Development. In the Aerospace Industry there is a focus on Defect Prevention to ensure that quality goals are met. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (PFMEA) and Control Plan activities are recognized as being one of the most effective, on the journey to Zero Defects. This two-day course is designed to explain the core tools of Design Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (DFMEA), Process Flow Diagrams, Process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (PFMEA) and Control Plans as described in AS13100 and RM13004.
Technical Paper

Standardized Differential Inductive Positioning System for Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles

2024-07-02
2024-01-2987
To shape future mobility MAHLE has committed itself to foster wireless charging for electrical vehicles. The standardized wireless power transfer of 11 kW at a voltage level of 800 V significantly improves the end user experience for charging an electric vehicle without the need to handle a connector and cable anymore. Combined with automated parking and autonomous driving systems, the challenge to charge fleets without user interaction is solved. Wireless charging is based on inductive power transfer. In the ground assembly’s (GA) power transfer coil, a magnetic field is generated which induces a voltage in the vehicle assembly (VA) power transfer coil. To transfer the power from grid to battery with a high efficiency up to 92% the power transfer coils are compensated with resonant circuits. In this paper the Differential-Inductive-Positioning-System (DIPS) to align a vehicle on the GA for parking will be presented.
Technical Paper

Runtime Safety Assurance of Autonomous Last-Mile Delivery Vehicles in Urban-like Environment

2024-07-02
2024-01-2991
The conventional process of last-mile delivery logistics often leads to safety problems for road users and a high level of environmental pollution. Delivery drivers must deal with frequent stops, search for a convenient parking spot and sometimes navigate through the narrow streets causing traffic congestion and possibly safety issues for the ego vehicle as well as for other traffic participants. This process is not only time consuming but also environmentally impactful, especially in low-emission zones where prolonged vehicle idling can lead to air pollution and to high operational costs. To overcome these challenges, a reliable system is required that not only ensures the flexible, safe and smooth delivery of goods but also cuts the costs and meets the delivery target.
Technical Paper

Thermal Management System for Battery Electric Heavy-Duty Trucks

2024-07-02
2024-01-2971
On the path to decarbonizing road transport, electric commercial vehicles will play a significant role. The first applications were directed to the smaller trucks for distribution traffic with relatively moderate driving and range requirements, but meanwhile, the first generation of a complete portfolio of truck sizes is developed and available on the market. In these early applications, many compromises were accepted to overcome component availability, but meanwhile, the supply chain can address the specific needs of electric trucks. With that, the optimization towards higher usability and lower costs can be moved to the next level. Especially for long-haul trucks, efficiency is a driving factor for the total costs of ownership. Besides the propulsion system, all other systems must be optimized for higher efficiency. This includes thermal management since the thermal management components consume energy and have a direct impact on the driving range.
Technical Paper

How Can a Sustainable Energy Infrastructure based on Renewable Fuels Contribute to Global Carbon Neutrality?

2024-07-02
2024-01-3023
Abstract. With the COP28 decisions the world is thriving for a future net-zero-CO2 society and the and current regulation acts, the energy infrastructure is changing in direction of renewables in energy production. All industry sectors will extend their share of direct or indirect electrification. The question might arise if the build-up of the renewables in energy production is fast enough. Demand and supply might not match in the short- and mid-term. The paper will discuss the roadmaps, directions and legislative boundary parameter in the regenerative energy landscape and their regional differences. National funding on renewables will gain an increasing importance to accelerate the energy transformation. The are often competing in attracting the same know-how on a global scale. In addition the paper includes details about energy conversion, efficiency as well as potential transport scenarios from production to the end consumer.
Technical Paper

Additively Manufactured Wheel Suspension System with Integrated Conductions and Optimized Structure

2024-07-02
2024-01-2973
Increasing urbanisation and the growing environmental awareness in society require new and innovative vehicle concepts. In the present work, the design freedoms of additive manufacturing (AM) are used to develop a front axle wheel suspension for a novel modular vehicle concept. The development of the suspension components is based on a new method using industry standard load cases for the strength design of the components. To design the chassis components, first the available installation space is determined and a suitable configuration of the chassis components is defined. Furthermore, numerical methods are used to identify component geometries that are suitable for the force flow. The optimisation setup is selected in a way that allows to integrate information, energy and material-carrying conductors into the suspension arms. The conductors even serve as load-bearing structures because of the matching design of the components.
Technical Paper

Automated Park and Charge: Concept and Energy Demand Calculation

2024-07-02
2024-01-2988
In this paper we are presenting the concept of automated park and charge functions in different use scenarios. The main scenario is automated park and charge in production and the other use scenario is within automated valet parking in parking garages. The automated park and charge in production is developed within the scope of the publicly funded project E-Self. The central aim of the project is the development and integration of automated driving at the end-of-line in the production at Ford Motor Company's manufacturing plant in Cologne. The driving function thereby is mostly based upon automated valet driving with an infrastructure based perception and action planning. Especially for electric vehicles the state of charge of the battery is critical, since energy is needed for all testing and driving operations at end-of-line.
Technical Paper

Probabilistically Extended Ontologies a basis for systematic testing of ML-based systems

2024-07-02
2024-01-3002
Autonomous driving is a hot topic in the automotive domain, and there is an increasing need to prove its reliability. They use machine learning techniques, which are themselves stochastic techniques based on some kind of statistical inference. The occurrence of incorrect decisions is part of this approach and often not directly related to correctable errors. The quality of the systems is indicated by statistical key figures such as accuracy and precision. Numerous driving tests and simulations in simulators are extensively used to provide evidence. However, the basis of all descriptive statistics is a random selection from a probability space. The difficulty in testing or constructing the training and test data set is that this probability space is usually not well defined. To systematically address this shortcoming, ontologies have been and are being developed to capture the various concepts and properties of the operational design domain.
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