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Technical Paper

Selective Laser Melting Based Additive Manufacturing Process Diagnostics using In-line Monitoring Technique and Laser-Material Interaction Model

2024-06-01
2024-26-0420
Selective Laser Melting (SLM) has gained widespread usage in aviation, aerospace, and die manufacturing due to its exceptional capacity for producing intricate metal components of highly complex geometries. Nevertheless, the instability inherent in the SLM process frequently results in irregularities in the quality of the fabricated components. As a result, this hinders the continuous progress and wider acceptance of SLM technology. Addressing these challenges, in-process quality control strategies during SLM operations have emerged as effective remedies for mitigating the quality inconsistencies found in the final components. This study focuses on utilizing optical emission spectroscopy and IR thermography to continuously monitor and analyze the SLM process within the powder bed, with the aim of strengthening process control and minimizing defects.
Technical Paper

Surface Properties of Shot-Peened and Plasma Sprayed Powder-Coated Alpha-Beta Titanium Alloy Implants

2024-05-15
2024-01-5060
The paramount importance of titanium alloy in implant materials stems from its exceptional qualities, yet the optimization of bone integration and mitigation of wear and corrosion necessitate advanced technologies. Consequently, there has been a surge in research efforts focusing on surface modification of biomaterials to meet these challenges. This project is dedicated to enhancing the surface of titanium alloys by employing shot peening and powder coatings of titanium oxide and zinc oxide. Comparative analyses were meticulously conducted on the mechanical and wear properties of both treated and untreated specimens, ensuring uniformity in pressure, distance, and time parameters across all experiments. The outcomes underscore the efficacy of both methods in modifying the surface of the titanium alloy, leading to substantial alterations in surface properties.
Standard

Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Geometric Control Requirements

2024-04-10
CURRENT
AS3063C
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) establishes the geometric control requirements for bolts, screws, and studs where worded notes and symbolized notes are used for straightness, concentricity, squareness, and runout.
Technical Paper

The Influence of Fundamental Processing Parameters of Ultrasonic Shot Peening on Surface Characteristics of 7B50-T7751 Alloy

2024-04-09
2024-01-2681
Aluminum alloy has become an indispensable part of the automotive industry because of its excellent mechanical properties such as lightweight, high strength, high reliability, maintainability, and low cost. Aluminum alloy is used in automobiles, such as engine blocks, cylinder heads, intake manifolds, brake components, and fuel tanks. Fatigue and fracture are the main reasons for its engineering failure. Surface strengthening techniques, such as ultrasonic shot peening (USP), are often used to improve the fatigue resistance of aluminum alloys. This article expounds on the working principle of USP and elucidates the influence of USP process parameters on the surface characteristics of aluminum alloy. Experimental results observed the effects of USP parameters on surface properties such as surface roughness, microhardness, and surface morphology.
Technical Paper

Development of simulation methodology to evaluate Leaf Spring strength and predict the Leaf Interface stresses and correlating with test

2024-04-09
2024-01-2735
Leaf Springs are commonly used as a suspension in heavy commercial vehicles for higher load carrying capacity. The leaf springs connect the vehicle body with road profile through the axle & tire assembly. It provides the relative motion between the vehicle body and road profile to improve the ride & handling performance. The leaf springs are designed to provide linear stiffness and uniform strength characteristics throughout its travel. Leaf springs are generally subjected to dynamic loads which are induced due to different road profiles & driving patterns. Leaf spring design should be robust as any failure in leaf springs will put vehicle safety at risk and cost the vehicle manufacturer their reputation. The design of a leaf spring based on conventional methods predicts the higher stress levels at the leaf spring center clamp location and stress levels gradually reduce from the center to free ends of the leaf spring.
Technical Paper

CAATS – Automotive Wind Tunnel Statistical Process Control

2024-04-09
2024-01-2542
This paper presents the application of statistical process control (SPC) methods to Windshear, a 180-mph motorsports and automotive wind tunnel equipped with a wide-belt rolling road system. The SPC approach captures the complete variability of the facility and offers useful process performance metrics that are based on a sound statistical framework. Traditional control charts are explored, emphasizing the uniqueness of variability experienced in wind tunnels which includes significant, unexplained short-term and long-term variation compared to typical manufacturing processes. This unique variation is elegantly captured by the three-way control chart, which is applied to estimate the complete process reproducibility with different levels of repeatability of vehicle drag coefficient. The sensitivity of three-way control charts is explored including the evaluation of an alternate group assignment within the same dataset.
Standard

Screw Threads - UNJ Profile, Inch Controlled Radius Root with Increased Minor Diameter

2024-04-05
CURRENT
AS8879D
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) specifies the characteristics of screw threads - UNJ profile inch series, including a mandatory controlled radius as specified in Table 1 at the root of the external thread. The minor diameter of both external and internal threads provides a basic thread height of .5625H to accommodate the external thread maximum root radius. The following detailed design requirements are included: a Screw threads - UNJ basic profile and design profiles. b Standard series of diameter-pitch combinations for nominal thread diameters from 0.060 to 6.000 inches. c Standard thread classes and form tolerances. d Formulae for thread dimensions and tolerances. e Method of designating UNJ threads. f Tables for selected diameter-pitch combinations for close tolerance mechanical thread applications. g Tables for screw thread - UNJ profile thread limit dimensions.
Standard

Nickel Wire and Ribbon 99Ni

2024-04-01
CURRENT
AMS5555G
This specification covers a nickel in the form of round wire and rectangular ribbon.
Standard

Undercuts for Straight Screw Threads - Metric

2024-04-01
CURRENT
MA1508A
This SAE Aerospace Standard (MA) provides recommended dimensional data for screw thread undercuts for straight “MJ” metric screw threads in accordance with MA1370.
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