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This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) has been prepared by a panel of the SAE A-5A Committee and is presented to document unique design approaches used for aircraft wheels and brakes.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides recommendations for the function, design, construction, and testing of an on-aircraft Brake Temperature Monitoring System (BTMS), sometimes referred to as a Brake Temperature Indication System (BTIS). NOTE: This ARP does not address: Cockpit ergonomics and Aircraft operating procedures. Various handheld methods of temperature sensing or readouts, as these are not associated with transport aircraft during normal operation. Temperature sensitive paints as a means to indicate exceedance of a landing gear axle temperature threshold due to brake temperature.

The focus of this SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) is the integration of thermally actuated pressure release devices, hereafter referred to as fuse plugs, with the wheel and brake assembly. It does not address the manufacturing, quality or acceptance test requirements pertaining to the production of these fuse plugs. It establishes minimum design, installation, qualification, and operational requirements for fuse plugs which are used only in tubeless tire type aircraft braked wheels. Fuse plugs are designed to completely release the contained inflation pressure from a tubeless tire and wheel assembly when brake generated heat causes the tire or wheel to exceed a safe temperature level. The objective is to prevent tire or wheel rupture due to brake generated heat that could cause an unsafe condition for personnel or the aircraft. (Reference: U.S. Department of Transportation FAA Advisory Circular No. 23-17C; Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) Part 25.735 (j); U.S.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is intended to provide guidance on verifying the integrity of inflation pressure sealing systems of aircraft wheel/tire assemblies.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides information on the parking brake system design for a variety of aircraft including part 23, 25, 27, and 29. The document includes a discussion of key technical issues with parking brakes. This document does NOT provide recommended practices for parking brake system design.

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines the configuration of aircraft wheel inflation valve assemblies, including required tolerances, materials, and appropriate finishes.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) describes the design approaches used for current applications of aircraft Brake-by-Wire (BBW) control systems. The document also discusses the experience gained during service, and covers system, ergonomic, hardware, and development aspects. The document includes the lessons that have been learned during application of the technology. Although there are a variety of approaches that have been used in the design of BBW systems, the main focus of this document is on the current state of the art systems.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) recommends the maintainability features which should be considered in the design of aircraft wheels and brakes. The effect on other factors, such as, cost, weight, reliability, and compatibility with other systems should be weighed before the incorporation of any of these maintainability features into the design.

The focus of this SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) is the integration of thermally actuated pressure release devices, hereafter referred to as fuse plugs, with the wheel and brake assembly. It does not address the manufacturing, quality or acceptance test requirements pertaining to the production of these fuse plugs. It establishes minimum design, installation, qualification, and operational requirements for fuse plugs which are used only in tubeless tire type aircraft braked wheels. Fuse plugs are designed to completely release the contained inflation pressure from a tubeless tire and wheel assembly when brake generated heat causes the tire or wheel to exceed a safe temperature level. The objective is to prevent tire or wheel rupture due to brake generated heat that could cause an unsafe condition for personnel or the aircraft. (Reference: U.S. Department of Transportation FAA Advisory Circular No. 23-17C; Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) Part 25.735 (j); U.S.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) specifies the minimum design and qualification test recommendations for aircraft wheel overpressurization release devices used with tubeless aircraft tires to protect from possible explosive failure of the contained inflation chamber due to overinflation. Devices of this type provide a means, but not the only means, for showing compliance to Subsection 25.731(d) of Part 25 of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations. Devices of this type will not protect against flash fire explosive conditions within the inflation chamber which may occur due to extremely overheated brakes or spontaneous combustion caused by a foreign substance within the inflation chamber. To help protect against this condition, nitrogen (N2) or other inert gas should be used for inflation.

The purpose of this document is to relate areas where carbon brake technology may differ from traditional steel brake technology in design and performance. Carbon brakes have been used on military aircraft for many years and are now frequently used on newly commercial developed aircraft. This document presents some of the lessons learned.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) defines recommended planning and substantiation procedures and associated reviewing and approval processes to confirm that proposed changes do not compromise the demonstrated safety of the originally certified aircraft, and performance and aircraft compatibility are appropriately addressed in aircraft documentation. Successful demonstration also requires that failure modes be identified and mitigation provided for each. These procedures apply to modifications made by the original component or assembly supplier as well as approval of an alternate supplier.

This specification covers minimum requirements for brake temperature monitoring equipment whenever used on any type and model of civil aircraft. It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to determine the compatibility of these requirements with the application aircraft and to specify requirements in excess of these minimums as necessary.

This document recommends supplementary design criteria to enhance endurance and reliability of transport aircraft wheels and brakes.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) specifies the minimum design and test recommendations for aircraft wheel overpressurization release devices used with tubeless aircraft tires to protect from possible explosive failure of the contained air chamber due to overinflation. Devices of this type provide a means, but not the only means, for showing compliance to Subsection 25.731(d) of Part 25 of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations. Devices of this type will not protect against flash fire explosive conditions within the air chamber which may occur due to extremely overheated brakes. To help protect against this condition, nitrogen or other inert gas should be used for inflation.

This specification covers minimum design and test requirements for aircraft tire inflation-deflation equipment for use on all types of aircraft. It shall be the responsibility of the airframe manufacturer to determine the compatibility of the requirement with the applicable aircraft and to specify requirements in excess of these minimums as necessary.

A panel of the SAE A-5A Committee prepared this SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR). The document describes the design approaches used for current applications of Brake-by-Wire (BBW) control systems that are used on commercial and military airplanes. The document also discusses the experience gained during service in the commercial and military environments, and covers system, ergonomic, hardware, and development aspects. The treatment includes the lessons that have been learned during application of the technology. Although there are a variety of approaches that have been used in the design of BBW systems, the main focus of this document is on systems that use the electro-hydraulic method of control. The overall range of implementations is briefly described in 2.3. Sections 3, 4, and 5 describe the electro-hydraulic method in detail.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) documents general technical data associated with many of the wheels used in the Air Force.