The test procedure applies to the refueling manifold system connecting the receiver aircraft fuel tanks to the refueling source fuel pump(s) for both ground and aerial refueling. The test procedure is intended to verify that the limit value for surge pressure specified for the receiver fuel system is not exceeded when refueling from a refueling source which meets the requirements of AS1284 (reference 2). This recommended practice is not directly applicable to surge pressure developed during operation of an aircraft fuel system, such as initiating or stopping engine fuel feed or fuel transfer within an aircraft, or the pressure surge produced when the fuel pumps are first started to fill an empty fuel manifold.
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides general information on the developing subject of synthetic jet fuels derived from non-petroleum feed stocks. It addresses synthetic jet fuel properties and other topics associated with their use and is intended as a guide to assist aviation fuel system designers in considering important information on fuel properties when designing aircraft fuel systems and components. The AIR is limited to “drop-in” fuels that meet the requirements of the respective fuel specifications and are compatible with typical aircraft and ground refueling systems. While some key properties are included in this AIR for discussion, the reader should utilize documents such as MIL-HDBK-510 or the ASTM International research reports for a more-detailed review of fuel properties. AIR7484 also gives more details on fuel properties, specifically as they relate to airframe fuel system design.
To describe general guidelines for achieving selected levels of cleanliness in gas turbine engine fuel system components and to describe laboratory type methods for measuring and reporting the contamination level of the wetted portion of fuel system components. As in SAE J1227 (covering hydraulic components) this practice includes guidelines for levels of acceptance but does not attempt to set those levels.
To describe general guidelines for achieving selected levels of cleanliness in gas turbine engine fuel system components and to describe laboratory type methods for measuring and reporting the contamination level of the wetted portion of fuel system components. As in SAE J1227 (covering hydraulic components) this practice includes guidelines for levels of acceptance but does not attempt to set those levels.
To describe general guidelines for achieving selected levels of cleanliness in gas turbine engine fuel system components and to describe laboratory methods for measuring and reporting the contamination level of the wetted portion of fuel system components. As in SAE J1227 (covering hydraulic components) this practice includes guidelines for levels of acceptance but does not attempt to set those levels.
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) discusses the impact of the ISO Test Dusts, chosen as replacement contaminants for the Arizona Test Dusts (AC Test Dusts), and the ISO calibration procedure ISO 11171 for automatic particle counters, which replaces the calibration procedure ISO 4402 (1991), on laboratory performance of filter elements utilized in aerospace lubrication, hydraulic and fuel systems, and fluid cleanliness levels determined with automatic particle counters.
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) discusses the impact of the ISO Test Dusts, chosen as replacement contaminants for the Arizona Test Dusts (AC Test Dusts), and the ISO calibration procedure ISO 11171 for automatic particle counters, which replaces the calibration procedure ISO 4402 (1991), on laboratory performance of filter elements utilized in aerospace lubrication, hydraulic and fuel systems, and fluid cleanliness levels determined with automatic particle counters.
The test procedure applies to the refueling manifold system connectingn the receiver aircraft fuel tanks to the refueling source fuel pump(s) for both ground and aerial refueling. The test procedure is intended to verify that the limit value for surge pressure specified for the receiver fuel system is not exceeded when refueling from a refueling source which meets the requirements of AS1284 (reference 2). This recommended practice is not directly applicable to surge pressure developed during operation of an aircraft fuel system, such as initiating or stopping engine fuel feed or fuel transfer within an aircraft, or the pressure surge produced when the fuel pumps are first started to fill an empty fuel manifold.
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) reviews performance testing parameters for noncleanable, often referred to as disposable, aircraft gas turbine engine lubricant filter elements.
This report lists military and industry specifications and standards which are commonly used in aerospace gas turbine fuel systems. It is intended as a supplement to specifications MIL-F-3863, MIL-F-17874 and MIL-F-8615. Revisions and amendments which are current for these specifications and standards are not listed.
This SAE Aerospace Information Report presents a glossary of terms commonly used in the ground delivery of fuel to an aircraft and pertinent terms relating to the aircraft being refueled.
This report is intended to identify the various existing technologies used for a fuel level sensing system. In addition to sensing technologies, it describes the basic architecture of fuel level sensing systems and their association with fuel gauging system to increase integrity of fuel measurement and management. As the fuel level sensing system is generally based on electrical components within fuel tanks, a specific focus is made on fuel tank explosion safety protection. An overview of the capacitive fuel gauging operation can be found in AIR5691.
Ice formation in aircraft fuel systems results from the presence of dissolved and undissolved water in the fuel. Dissolved water or water in solution with hydrocarbon fuels constitutes a relatively small part of the total water potential in a particular system with the quantity dissolved being primarily dependent on the fuel temperature and the water solubility characteristics of the fuel. One condition of undissolved water is entrained water, such as water particles suspended in the fuel as a result of mechanical agitation of free water or conversion of dissolved water through temperature reduction. This can be considered as analogous to an emulsion state. Another condition of undissolved water is free water which may be introduced as a result of refueling or the settling of entrained water which collects at the bottom of a fuel tank in easily detectable quantities separated by a continuous interface from the fuel above.
This document suggests and summarizes points that should be considered with respect to the formation of ice in aircraft fuel systems. These summaries represent a cross-section of the opinions of fuel system designers and users.