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The boost pressure demands call for high efficiency turbochargers. Perfect matching to an engine and controlling in operation is a prerequisite, especially if highly diluted mixture is used. The main impact on four-stroke engine efficiency is performed via gas exchange work, Correct turbocharger representation, usually performed by maps, should be delivered by turbocharger manufacturers and applied in simulation optimizations. The robust calibration methods are required for fast-running real time simulations used for model-based control. The paper clarifies the relations between apparent and real turbocharger isentropic efficiencies at steady-flow testbed and their impact on engine cycle optimization by simulation. Simple procedures excluding the impact of heat transfer inside a turbocharger are described. The described methods are based on the use of overall turbocharger efficiency.

This article presents results of the Design Assistance System (DASY, will be referred to as a tool in this paper) development and examples of its application for engine concept modeling. The software tool for creating and maintaining knowledge database is being developed at the Czech Technical University in Prague. This tool is targeted to simplify and speed up the concept design process. The targets were met by providing the high level of flexibility along with a simple user interface. Two examples that show interaction of this tool with computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided engineering (CAE) software are presented. One example includes an optimization using implemented genetic algorithm. By using this tool, one can create templates for conserving the knowledge acquired during engine design in the past. It provides hints for the future design tasks by offering a data of similar designs, based on experiments and simulations at different levels of complexity and profoundness.

The paper describes the tool of ICE transient response simulation suitable for incorporation into a predictive engine controller. The model is simplified, thus enhancing the simulation speed but keeping its predictive capability at a reasonable level. The main modules of a code suitable for the near-real-time simulation of engine thermodynamics are described in the paper. They include engine cylinder (incl. simplified pressure trace prediction), fuel injection system, main controllers, both inlet and exhaust manifolds, turbocharger and engine dynamics. The laws of conservation are used to describe any of the thermodynamic/hydrodynamic modules of a model. The method of algebraic re-construction of a pressure trace inside a cylinder has been developed and tested for prediction of engine speed variation. The modular structure of a model allows for the implementation of the current operating principles of ICEs.