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In this work, heat loss was investigated in two different HCCI single cylinder engines. Thermocouples were adapted to the surfaces of the cylinder heads and the temperature oscillations were detected in a wide range of the engine operation conditions. The local heat transfer is analyzed with port fuel and direct injection, for different engine parameters and operating points. It is shown that the spatially averaged measured heat loss in HCCI operation represents the global heat loss well. The spatial variations are small in the operation map presuming stable operating points with low cyclic variations and good engine performance. Furthermore, the heat loss measured in HCCI operation is compared to the heat loss detected in homogeneous and stratified DI-SI operation in the same engine. It is shown that the local heat losses in stratified DI-SI operation show large variations, depending on the direction of the flame propagation.

In this work, heat loss was investigated in two different HCCI single cylinder engines. Thermocouples were adapted to the surfaces of the cylinder heads and the temperature oscillations were detected in a wide range of the engine operation maps. The resultant heat transfer profiles were compared to the heat losses predicted by existing models. As major discrepancies were stated, a new phenomenological model was developed that is well-manageable and describes the heat loss in HCCI mode more precisely than existing models. To analyze the insulating effect of deposits, the heat transfer equation was solved analytically by an approach that allows consideration of multiple layers with different material properties and thickness. This approach was used for the first time in conjunction with engines to calculate the heat flux at the surface of deposits and the deposit thickness.

A promising approach for reducing both NOx- and particulate matter emissions with low fuel consumption is the so called homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion process. Single-cylinder engine tests were carried out to assess the influence of several parameters on the HCCI combustion. The experiments were performed both with port fuel injection (PFI) and with direct injection (DI) under various compression ratios, intake air temperatures and EGR-rates. Special emphasis was put on the fuel composition by using different gasoline and diesel fuels as well as n-heptane. Besides engine out emissions (CO2, CO, NO, O2, HC, soot) and in-cylinder pressure indication for burning process analysis, the combustion itself was visualised using an optical probe.

Contemporary diesel engines are high-tech power plants that provide high torques at very good levels of efficiency. By means of modern injecting-systems such as Common-Rail Injection, combustion noise and emissions could be influenced positively as well. Diesel engine are therefore used increasingly in top-range and sports cars. Today's production ECUs have no or only very low feedback regarding the process in the combustion chamber. As long as this data is missing, the design of the maps in the ECU can only be a compromise, since production tolerances and aging processes have to be considered in advance. Disturbances in the combustion process may not be detected at all. If more knowledge about the course of combustion is provided, especially the start of combustion (SOC), various operating parameters, such as the pilot injection quantity or the beginning of current feed to the injector, could be adjusted more precisely and individually for every cylinder.

Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) in natural gas fueled engines is thought to achieve high efficiency and low NOx emissions. While automotive applications require various load and speed regions, the operation range of stationary cogeneration engines is narrower. Hence, HCCI operation is easier to reach and more applicable to comply with future emission standards. This study presents computationally investigations of the auto-ignition ranges of a stationary natural gas HCCI engine. Starting from a detailed 1D engine cycle simulation model, a reduced engine model was developed and coupled to chemical kinetics using AVL Boost. Compression ratio, air-fuel ratio, internal EGR rate (iEGR) and intake temperature were varied for three different speeds, namely 1200, 1700 and 2200 rpm. Each examination includes a full factorial design study of 375 configurations. In the first step, the combustion was calculated using the GRI-mechanism 3.0 and a single zone combustion model.

The concept of hot surface assisted compression ignition (HSACI) was previously shown to allow for control of combustion timing and to enable combustion beyond the limits of pure homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion. This work investigates the potential of HSACI to extend the operating limits of a naturally aspirated single-cylinder natural gas fueled HCCI engine. A zero-dimensional (0D) thermo-kinetic modeling framework was set up and coupled with the chemical reaction mechanism AramcoMech 1.3. The results of the 0D study show that reasonable ignition timings in the range 0-12°CA after top dead center (TDC) in HCCI can be expressed by constant volume ignition delays at TDC conditions of 9-15°CA. Simulations featuring the two-stage combustion in HSACI point out the capability of the initial heat release as a means to shorten bulk-gas ignition delay.