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Aerospace & Defense Technology: April 2023

2023-04-06
Breathing Life into Artificial Intelligence and Next Generation Autonomous Aerospace Systems Robotic Rotational Molding Creates New Opportunities for Military and Aerospace Applications Rim-Driven Electric Aircraft Propulsion High-Speed Midwave Infrared Cameras Enable Military Test Range Tracking System What Today's Advances in Radar Technology Mean for Testing and Training Tackling Ruggedization Challenges for RF Communications in Software Defined Radios AUVSI XPONENTIAL 2023 The Blueprint for Autonomy Multi-Scale Structuring of the Polar Ionosphere Understanding a radically new sensing capability for polar ionospheric science introduced by observational evidence recently provided by the electronically steerable Resolute Bay Incoherent Scatter Radar (RISR). Stepped-Frequency Distributed Radar for Through-the-Wall Sensing A technical analysis of the effectiveness of distributed radar for through-the-wall sensing applications.
Standard

MARK 4 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TRANSPONDER (ATCRBS/MODE S)

2022-10-07
CURRENT
ARINC718A-5
Mark 4 Air Traffic Control Transponder (ATCRBS/MODE S) describes an Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System/Mode Select (ATCRBS/Mode S) airborne transponder with Extended Interface Functions (EIF). The ATC surveillance system is made up of airborne transponders and ground interrogator-receivers, processing equipment, and antenna systems. Mode S is a cooperative surveillance system for air traffic control with ancillary communications capabilities. ARINC 718A supports elementary surveillance. Provisional enhanced surveillance functionality is also defined as a customer option. The Mark 4 transponder, like its predecessor, will support Collision Avoidance System which includes TCAS and ACAS X functions.
Standard

NAVIGATION SYSTEM DATABASE

2022-07-08
CURRENT
ARINC424-23
This standard provides a data base comprising standards used for the preparation of a navigation system data base. This data may be used with the operational flight software in a wide range of navigational equipment.
Standard

Communications and Navigation Equipment

2022-03-21
CURRENT
ARP4102/6A
The equipment includes: a Communications: Ultra high frequency (UHF), very high frequency (VHF), and high frequency (HF) radios, cabin/service interphones, public address (PA), select call (SELCAL), call select (CALSEL), satellite communications (SATCOM), and controller pilot data link communications (CPDLC). b Navigation: Very high frequency omnidirectional range (VOR), tactical air navigation (TACAN), automatic direction finder (ADF), distance measuring equipment (DME), instrument landing system (ILS), markers (MKR), very low frequency (VLF), inertial navigation systems (INS), inertial reference systems (IRS), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), global positioning system (GPS), low range radio altimeter (LRRA), and attitude heading reference system (AHRS). c Weather radar. d Data link: Company, Air Traffic Control (ATC), transponders (Mode-S), controller pilot data link communications (CPDLC), and others.
Standard

COMMON TERMINOLOGY AND FUNCTIONS FOR SOFTWARE DISTRIBUTION AND LOADING

2021-08-11
CURRENT
ARINC645-1
This document provides airlines, airframe manufacturers, aircraft equipment suppliers, and others with information that is specific to data, software, and ground tools used in aviation configuration and data management. As a starting point, this document provides guidance on: Which standard to use in specific situations The use of and how integrity checks should be applied Common terminology in airborne software management Since airplanes started using software controlled hardware, there has been a need to standardize processes and terminology. This document is the centroid to which other software standards are related.
Standard

Flight Management System (FMS)

2021-01-14
CURRENT
ARP4102/9B
This document recommends criteria and requirements for a flight management system (FMS) for transport aircraft. The FMS shall provide the functions of lateral navigation, vertical navigation, and performance management and may include time of arrival control. The FMS design shall take human factors considerations into account to produce a fault tolerant system.
Standard

Human Interface Criteria for Flight Deck Surface Operations Displays

2020-12-22
CURRENT
ARP5898A
Following a number of high-visibility collisions between aircraft on the airport surface, overall taxi operations have been brought under greater scrutiny. In addition, observation of taxi operations and the results of associated research programs have revealed that the efficiency of taxi operations could be significantly improved with available technologies and by applying a human centered design approach. Surface operations displays have been tested in prototype form and a number of manufacturers are moving toward product definition. This document provides guidance on the design of elements, which may be part of surface operations displays whose objectives would be to enhance safety and to improve overall efficiency of aircraft operations on the airport surface. Such efficiency increases should be realized not only in day-to-day operations, but should also be manifested in training for surface operations.
Research Report

Unsettled Topics in the Application of Satellite Navigation to Air Traffic Management

2020-05-27
EPR2020010
., Global Positioning System (GPS) backup) are well known and, in fact, should have progressed further long ago. Others (e.g., sharing raw measurements instead of position fixes) are equally well known and, if followed by further flight tests initiated (and successful) years ago, would have produced a wealth of in-flight experience by now if development had continued.
Standard

User's Manual for Certification of Aircraft Electrical/Electronic Systems for the Indirect Effects of Lightning

2020-04-21
WIP
ARP5415C
This ARP provides detailed information, guidance, and methods in support of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circular (AC) 20-136. AC 20-136 provides a means, but not the only means, for demonstrating compliance with Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 23.1306 (Amendment 23-61), 23.2515 (Amendment 23-64), 25.1316, 27.1316, and 29.1316. It is also intended for this ARP to provide the same information, guidance, and methods, to the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) certification specifications CS 23.1306 (Amendment 23/4), 23.2515 (Amendment 23/5), 25.1316, 27.1316, and 29.1316, and associated Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) 20-136.
Standard

User’s Manual for Certification of Aircraft Electrical/Electronic Systems for the Indirect Effects of Lightning

2020-03-05
CURRENT
ARP5415B
This ARP provides detailed information, guidance, and methods in support of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circular (AC) 20-136. AC 20-136 provides a means, but not the only means, for demonstrating compliance with Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 23.1306 (Amendment 23-61), 23.2515 (Amendment 23-64), 25.1316, 27.1316, and 29.1316. It is also intended for this ARP to provide the same information, guidance, and methods, to the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) certification specifications CS 23.1306 (Amendment 23/4), 23.2515 (Amendment 23/5), 25.1316, 27.1316, and 29.1316, and associated Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) 20-136.
Standard

Monitoring Aircraft Noise and Operations in the Vicinity of Airports: System Validation

2020-01-28
WIP
ARP4721/2A
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides engineering methods that can be applied to monitoring aircraft noise and operations in the vicinity of airports using either attended or unattended monitoring systems, as well as methods for validation of measurement results from permanent systems. Part 1 provides guidance on the components, installation and administration of permanent systems and guidance on analysis of data collected from temporary monitoring of aircraft noise. Part 2, this part, describes both system screening tests and detailed test methods for validating the data reported by permanently installed systems. This document is intended as a guide toward standard practice and is subject to change with experience and technical advances.
Standard

Monitoring Aircraft Noise and Operations in the Vicinity of Airports: System Description, Acquisition, and Operation

2020-01-28
WIP
ARP4721/1A
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides engineering methods that can be applied to monitoring aircraft noise and operations in the vicinity of airports using either attended or unattended monitoring systems, as well as methods for validation of measurement results from permanent systems. Part 1 provides guidance on the components, installation and administration of permanent systems and guidance on analysis of data collected from temporary monitoring of aircraft noise. A separate document, Part 2, describes both system screening tests and detailed test methods for validating the data reported by permanently installed systems. This document is intended as a guide toward standard practice and is subject to change with experience and technical advances.
Magazine

Tech Briefs: October 2018

2018-10-01
Detecting Drones with Doppler-Based Radar Digital Transformation for a Connected Enterprise Using Electromagnetic Brakes to Keep Thrust Reversers in Place Thermostatic Solutions for Temperature Control Applications Bringing RF into the Embedded World: It's Time Compact Power Amplifier Solution for Electronic Warfare Burner Rig Testing of A500® C/SiC Test method simulates, in a laboratory environment, the service conditions ceramic-matrix composite material would experience in turbine engine exhaust applications. Space Debris Orbit and Attitude Prediction for Enhanced and Efficient Space Situational Awareness Developing accurate models to predict the behavior of manmade debris in space could be the key to preventing collisions with satellites. Maintaining Enterprise Resiliency Via Kaleidoscopic Adaption and Transformation of Software Services (MEERKATS) Implementing new technologies to create a more resilient, secure cloud computing environment.
Article

US Army tests avionics in effort to upgrade Black Hawk helicopters from analog to digital glass cockpit

2018-09-19
US Army officials and engineers continue work to modernize the defense organization’s fleet of Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter with a more modern digital cockpit, conducting a Limited User Test with two prototype aircraft at Redstone Arsenal, Ala. They selected for a Limited User Evaluation (LUE) a Crew Mission Station (CMS) aligned with The Open Group Future Airborne Capability Environment (FACE) technical standard that combines Core Avionics & Industrial Inc.’s (CoreAVI’s) compositor and graphics suite, Avalex smart display, Intel hardware, Wind River operating system, and Presagis server.
Article

Aireon to launch free, real-time emergency aircraft location service

2018-08-22
Aireon LLC, a global aircraft tracking and surveillance company in McLean, Va., is inviting aircraft operators, regulators, search-and-rescue organizations, and air navigation service providers (ANSPs) to pre-register for Aireon Aircraft Locating and Emergency Response Tracking (ALERT). Aireon ALERT, operated by the Irish Aviation Authority (IAA), is being touted as the aviation industry’s first and only free, global, real-time emergency aircraft location service, which is slated to begin service in Q1 2019.
Article

Iridium, Aireon, SpaceX celebrate satellite launch, system deployment

2018-07-26
A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket lifted off from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif., at 04:39:30 a.m. Pacific Daylight Time (PDT) on July 25, 2018 and placed 10 new Iridium NEXT satellites into low Earth orbit (LEO), bringing the total number of Aireon space-based Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) payloads in orbit to 65 as global air traffic surveillance service nears debut and satellite constellation nears completion.
Book

Commercial Aviation Cyber Security: Current State and Essential Reading

2016-12-31
In the next decade, commercial aviation will see Next Generation ATM (NextGEN), Single European Skies ATM Research (SESAR), and others utilizing Internet- based air-to-ground communication links for advanced “air traffic control” (ATC) communications. Commercial Aviation Cyber Security: Current State and Essential Reading highlights some of the major issues the industry must confront if the vision of a new, advanced air traffic management is to come to fruition. This will require standardization work to identify key components with built-in cyber security that will guide prototype testing, functionality, and prioritizing implementation efforts to solve the roadblocks to global interoperability. The ten technical papers selected for Commercial Aviation Cyber Security: Current State and Essential Reading span the last decade’s work in commercial aviation cyber security, and aircraft cyber technologies.
Magazine

Aerospace & Defense Technology: December 2016

2016-12-01
Additive Manufacturing How 3D Printing Will Transform the A&D Support Chain Advances in Lightweight Electronics Protection Conformal Coatings Increase Reliability of Aerospace and Military Assemblies Powering Outer Space An In-Depth Look at Aerospace Battery Technology Using High Bandwidth Oscilloscopes to Analyze Radar and Electronic Warfare Systems Bio-inspired Airborne Infrastructure Reconfiguration (BioAIR) EMI Analysis Software Helps Telescope Group Simulate RFI Mitigation Epitaxial Growth of Rhenium with Sputtering Processing and Characterization of Polycrystalline YAG (Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) Core-Clad Fibers Multi-Scale Analysis of Deformation and Failure in Polycrystalline Titanium Alloys Under High Strain Rates Abrasion Testing of Products Containing Nanomaterials Spectrum Fatigue of 7075-T651 Aluminum Alloy under Overloading and Underloading
Magazine

Aerospace & Defense Technology: October 2016

2016-10-03
Achieving Performance Advantages in Unmanned Systems Unmanned Vehicle Systems (UVS) are reaching new levels of functionality and performance, and it's not just for air vehicles either. COTS Embedded Systems and Link Budgets The days of proprietary embedded computing systems in military systems are numbered. Custom Designing Enclosures Using 3-D CAD Modeling Due to the advancement of 3-D computer-aided design software, enclosure manufacturing is not what it used to be. Technology advances industry. Fiber Optic Multi-Sensing Platforms Enabling Innovation Across Aerospace Organizations RECAT Wake Turbulence Recategorization New Concept for Improving the Performance of Electrically Small Antennas Microwave Radiometer for Advanced Nanosatellite Control Systems Secret Sharing Schemes and Advanced Encryption Standard SIPHER: Scalable Implementation of Primitives for Homomorphic Encryption Using Mathematics to Make Computing on Encrypted Data Secure and Practical
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