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Inside the cell walls The high cost of lithium-ion batteries is a prison that has largely kept electric vehicles off the street; the keys to their release are more effective—but not more expensive—cell chemistries.

Hybrids step forward Electric and hydraulic systems trim fuel consumption and emissions, boost performance. Braking for safety Researchers developed a simplified ABS/EBS ECU test bench to research the brake force control function of the EBS system using HIL simulation technology. A metered look at dosing pumps High delivery accuracy, low weight, and dependably long life have made solenoid-operated pumps widely used in mobile applications.

Editorial SPAC attack The Navigator Mapping the way to safe and natural automated driving Motorcycles Enter the ADAS Age The latest models from BMW, Ducati and KTM feature Bosch's new ACC setup, but further advancements will require navigating critical rider-control strategies. On the Way to SVA Aptiv says its Smart Vehicle Architecture central controller is the key to simpler, more compact and higher-performance ADAS and AV systems. New Insistence for Driver Assistance Panelists at SAE International's 2021 Government/Industry Meeting say assisted-driving technology is worthwhile - but effective driver monitoring is crucial. Flash! Lidar's Next Generation Arrives Technology solutions from new players and alliances are poised to drive down cost. Horiba MIRA's Vision for World-Class AV Testing A new autonomous vehicle development center called Assured CAV boasts a lengthy list of assets and capabilities.

Evolution of ac-drive technology The introduction of inverter drives has stimulated development of the ultra-class haul trucks in operation today. Hydraulics in the age of specialization Today's hydraulics are to earlier systems as Sim City is to Lincoln Logs. Increasing sophistication has changed the way companies such as Eaton and Caterpillar build equipment, while users' expectations and regulators' demands keep rising. IT-tool for intelligent motion control A Danish mechatronic research program focused on intelligent motion control for rapid prototyping of fluid-power components and systems.

The history and future of two-stroke engines While supporters of two-stroke engines emphasize their advantages, naysayers have for years been predicting the death of the little engine that could. Active suspension systems Engineers from Birrana have designed a load-sensing system for mining trucks and haulers that reduces torsional, vibration, and shock loads on a vehicle's structure. CFD simulations inside hydraulic valves Engineers from HUSCO studied the forces induced by oil flow on hydraulic valve actuators with the aim of minimizing their effects. Electronic control for transmissions A third-generation transmission electronic control system developed by Allison primarily for mobile equipment applications will be phased into all of its off-highway transmissions.

Technology for small-engine emissions reduction Swiss researchers used a modern four-stroke engine in conjunction with a commercially available catalytic converter and special gasoline to develop a significantly cleaner-running walk-behind mower. Large-scale application of J1939 The SAE electronic systems communication standard provides a method for achieving engineering flexibility, product standardization, parts rationalization, service, and customer convenience. Focus on electronics OEMs and their suppliers are developing vehicle systems for improved vehicle operation and reliability/durability with the help of electronics. The following pages review some recent industry advancements. 2000 SAE International Off-Highway Congress: one for the ages From antique off-highway equipment to the latest in intelligent vehicle technology, the 2000 SAE International Off-Highway & Powerplant Congress & Exposition brings yesterday and tomorrow together today.

Simulating air-conditioning performance A computer program developed by Modine Climate Systems and Modelogics helps determine and optimize air-conditioning system performance. Reduced mass haul-truck design concepts Liebherr Mining trucks adopted a reduced structural mass approach to convert unladen weight directly into payload, while simultaneously incorporating state-of-the-art driveline technology. Optimizing a tractor frame for improved cabin NVH To address an aging agricultural workforce and modern ergonomic guidelines, researchers at Doshisha University and Kubota modeled medium- and large-sized agricultural tractors to reduce vibration and noise and increase comfort. Applying 3d-CAD to turbocharger development Ishkawajima-Harima Heavy Industries has developed a 3d-CAD system for turbochargers. satisfying requirements for digital mockup development.

Lightpipe design According to Breault Research Organization, any off-highway instrument or control that needs illumination is a candidate for a lightpipe to take light from where it is generated to where it is needed. The biodiesel choice Experts from the Natural Biodiesel Board believe it is time to consider alternatives to the current fuel structure. One solution to rising fuel prices is the pursuit of biodiesel fuels. Understanding machining difficulties in gray iron Bosch Braking Systems' engineers look more closely than usual at iron brake rotor samples to give new insights into critical characteristics of the material. Caterpillar mining for customers With commodity prices low, Caterpillar wants to make mining as productive an enterprise as possible for customers.

Bosch Rexroth Executive Viewpoints-Vehicle Development Insights from Industry: Off-Highway 2020 and Beyond- - Insights from the inside. Briggs & Stratton Executive Viewpoints-Vehicle Development Insights from Industry: Off-Highway 2020 and Beyond- Collaborations will drive success in the future. Cummins Executive Viewpoints-Vehicle Development Insights from Industry: Off-Highway 2020 and Beyond- Achieving more for less. Dana Executive Viewpoints-Vehicle Development Insights from Industry: Off-Highway 2020 and Beyond- Off-highway realities. Delphi Executive Viewpoints-Vehicle Development Insights from Industry: Off-Highway 2020 and Beyond- Communicating 2020 style. Eaton Executive Viewpoints-Vehicle Development Insights from Industry: Off-Highway 2020 and Beyond- My electronic crystal ball is full of hydraulic fluid.

Chrysler sees the ICE future The three-year, $30 million Multi-fuel Multiair R&D program with the U.S. DOE is nearing completion. Here's what Chrysler Powertrain engineers have learned as they try to achieve a 25% fuel-efficiency gain. Counteracting cyber-attacks As vehicle systems become more complex and interact with more internal and external elements, the potential for outside intrusion and tampering increases for both vehicles and the transportation infrastructure. Kia moves upscale with 2014 Cadenza The all-new premium sedan is the Korean automaker's 'most technologically advanced' vehicle ever on U.S. roadways. 2014 Corvette: 460 hp, 30 mpg, 1 g, $52,000 No other sports car can match the C7's combination of performance, value, and overall efficiency. Chief Engineer Tadge Juechter provides insight on executing a masterpiece.

Body control electronics shapes up The electronics revolution is advancing unabated in vehicle and body control, but the addition of features ranging from electronic power steering to tire pressure monitoring poses numerous challenges for electronics engineers. Telematics comes back on line Interfaces will play a huge role in expected growth. Cadillac XLR The new luxury roadster, designed to go head-to-head with models from Mercedes-Benz, Jaguar, and Lexus, uses an all-new 4.6-L Northstar V8 and innovative features such as adaptive cruise control, Magnetic Ride Control, and keyless access. 2005 Ford GT The company's image vehicle helped develop engineering skills in the race to production. Chrysler Pacifica Safety and infotainment features abound in the upscale 2004 sports tourer. 5 Series changes shape BMW adopted an aluminum/steel hybrid body in the interests of light weight and even weight distribution, and worked with ZF Lenksysteme to introduce active steering.

What system Designers Should Know About MOSA Standards Microtube Technology A Catalyst for Next-Gen Aerospace Thermal Control Space Industry Test Challenges Advancing Metrology at Mach Speed Drone Mounted Inspection Breaks Barriers for F-35 RF Technology Helps Connect Avionics Systems Using Open-Cavity Plastic Packages in Avionics Applications Electronic Prognostics - A Case Study Using Global Positioning System (GPS) Prognostic health management (PHM) of electronic systems presents challenges traditionally viewed as either insurmountable or not worth the cost of pursuit, but recent changes in weapons platform acquisition and support requirements has spurred renewed interest in electronics PHM, revealing possible applications, accessible data sources, and previously unexplored predictive techniques.

Thermal Management Techniques in Avionics Cooling Curing the Porosity Problem in Additive Manufacturing Space-Qualified Crystal Oscillators Reimagining Automated Test During a Pandemic EW: New Challenges, Technologies, and Requirements Software Enables New-Age, Flexible Test Solution for Analog and Digital Radios Formal Process Modeling to Improve Human-Decision-Making During Test and Evaluation Range Control Using the Innoslate software tool to formally model the process of conducting test range events can expose previously overlooked ambiguities and identify high-value decision points? Test and Evaluation of Autonomy for Air Platforms Tools, approaches, and insights to confidently approach the safe, secure, effective, and efficient testing of autonomy on air platforms.

Empowering Soldiers Through ISPDS Dispensable Gels vs Gap Filler Pads An Analysis of Thermal Management Materials Electronic Warfare Vying for Control of the Electromagnetic Spectrum More Bang for the Buck A New Design and Manufacturing Method for Deep Penetrating Bomb Cases A Comprehensive Way to Use Bonding to Improve RF Performance of Low Noise Amplifiers Army and Universities Deploy New Warfighter Communication Technology Radiation Effects on Electronics in Aligned Carbon Nanotube Technology (RadCNT) Characterizing the fundamental mechanisms and charge transport phenomena governing the interactions between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation with carbon-based (nanotube and graphene) field-effect transistors (FETs) devices and integrated circuits (ICs).

Shifting gears smoothly Richard E. Kleine, a 30-year veteran of Cummins Inc. and former SAE Commercial Vehicle VP, seeks continuity over change as he moves into the driver's seat of SAE International. Top new engines AEI editors highlight the most significant internal-combustion powerplants of the new year and beyond. Riding on in-wheel motors Researchers analyze passive concepts and new mechatronic suspension systems to ensure vehicle comfort and safety when using in-wheel motors with different torque requirements.

A different automatic Developed in conjunction with BorgWarner, Volkswagen's DSG automatic six-speed gearbox is aimed at enthusiasts and has fuel consumption superior to a manual gearbox. Accident avoidance GM and Delphi are testing adaptive cruise control and collision-warning technologies in the hope of ultimately increasing driver awareness and reducing driving behaviors that can lead to accidents. Branding vehicle dynamics The use of active systems and common hardware across several vehicle platforms, with different calibrations and control algorithms, can offer variations in character and brand, according to Prodrive Automotive technology. The drive for improved dynamics For the new XJ, Mike Cross, Jaguar's Chief Engineer for Vehicle Integrity, and his team aimed to preserve the isolation and feel of the previous car, but instill the handling precision and steering accuracy of the S-Type.

Toyota rationalizes IMV The Executive Chief Engineer in charge of the broad range of multipurpose vehicles for developing markets discusses local optimization of one global vehicle architecture. Honda builds a better FCX The recently revealed concept car previews the ambitious and radically new fuel-cell-powered car that the company will launch and lease in 2008 in the U.S. and Japan. Denso turns up the heat Japan's largest supplier is developing environmentally friendly products, such as its flagship HVAC systems to make customer vehicles cooler but more efficient. Sitting pretty Aesthetics merge with safety and ergonomics in that "simple" yet essential automotive system: the seat. Shifting forward Faster processors, enhanced sensors yield better transmissions with smoother gear changes. Finishing strong Combining high strength with formability, today's new steels support development of lighter, more fuel-efficient vehicles--without compromising safety, cost, or performance.

Paving the way for the hydrogen highway Experts at SAE WCX 2022 look beyond EVs to other systems that can garner net-zero capabilities. Electric mobile machines won't abandon hydraulics Bosch Rexroth executive stresses that electrification in off-highway applications must make optimum use of both next-gen electric and hydraulic technology. Aftermarket augments off-highway autonomous efforts Kontron and Intel experts explain how rugged, modular COM Express solutions reduce complexity and allow retrofit of autonomous systems on heavy mobile equipment. Solving the challenges of Megawatt chargers Littelfuse executive details an alternative technique for fast and efficient high-power charging of commercial electric vehicles. Supplier Directory Complete listing of industry suppliers categorized by technology area.

Enhancing truck-sensor modularity Kodiak Robotics' fifth-generation sensor stack and new SensorPods boost sensor and GPU performance and improve power efficiency. Bosch high on hydrogen The supplier is committed to all facets of the H2 economy as volume production of its power module kicks off for Nikola's Class 8 fuel-cell truck. Constructing bus structures with stainless steel Outokumpu and collaborators show a possible weight reduction of up to 35% by using high-strength stainless steel in place of carbon steel. Volta Zero is U.S. bound The startup plans to apply lessons learned in Europe to the U.S. market, bringing a "small fleet" of electric trucks for potential customers by the end of the year.

Time for hydrogen No longer '20 years in the future,' hydrogen and fuel cells are a vital, high-growth solution for carbon reduction across the transportation and other industry sectors. Quicker pathways to reduce transportation's climate impact Reducing U.S. vehicle emissions will require policies that support a variety of alternatives to fossil-fuel-burning, non-hybrid vehicles. 'Perfect' should not be the enemy of 'good.' BMW reapproaches hydrogen Top engineers in Munich talk about the vital role of H2 fuel cells in the climate crusade as iX5 pilot-fleet production begins.