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Additive manufacturing (AM) technology, also known as 3D printing, has transitioned from concepts and prototypes to part-for-part substitution and the creation of unique AM-specific part geometries. These applications are increasingly present in demanding, mission-critical fields such as medicine and aerospace, which require materials with certain thermal, stiffness, corrosion, and static loading properties. To advance in these arenas, metallic, ceramic, and polymer composite AM parts need to be free from discontinuities. The manufacturing processes have to be stable, robust, and repeatable. And the nondestructive testing (NDT) technology and inspection methods will need to be sufficiently capable and reliable to ensure that discontinuities will be detected to prevent the components from being accepted for use. As the second installment of a six-part series of SAE EDGE™ Research Reports on AM, this one discusses the need, challenges, technologies, and opportunities for NDT in AM.

Laser Detecting Systems Enhancing Survivability and Lethality on the Battlefield Designing With Plastics for Military Equipment Engine Air-Brakes Paving the Way to Quieter Aircraft Nett Warrior Enhancing Battlefield Connectivity and Communications XPONENTIAL 2018 - An AUVSI Experience Communications in Space: A Deep Subject First Air-Worthy Metal-Printed RF Filter Ready for Takeoff Validation of Automated Prediction of Blood Product Needs Algorithm Processing Continuous Non-Invasive Vital Signs Streams (ONPOINT4) Using a combination of non-invasive sensors, advanced algorithms, and instruments built for combat medics could reduce hemorrhaging and improve survival rates. Calculation of Weapon Platform Attitude and Cant Using Available Sensor Feedback Successful development of mobile weapon systems must incorporate operation on sloped terrain.

The “Integrated Wheelchair Bed” is an innovative assistive technology designed to address the unique needs of individuals with mobility challenges. This duality concept is born out of a deep understanding of the daily challenges faced by those who require mobility aids for transportation and also need to rest periodically throughout the day, allowing for seamless transitions between mobility and rest. This dichotomy promotes both physical well-being and emotional independence, enhancing the overall quality of life for users. The need for a new wheelchair bed hybrid arises from evolving user requirements, such as improved comfort, compactness, customization, safety, technology integration, cost-efficiency, durability, versatility, aesthetics, healthcare integration, and sustainability. To overcome these problems, we have proposed a wheelchair that can be transformed into a bed using a two-bar linkage with a slot lock mechanism.

This full-day course is designed to equip engineering professionals with the knowledge and tools needed to combine the strengths of Design Engineering and Systems Engineering into Systems Design Engineering (SDE) principles. These principles will improve engineering efficiency and practically design more sustainable system-level products, all while strategically aligning with digital transformation objectives.

Abstract Soft actuators with pneumatic network have innovative potential applications in medical and rehabilitation areas. The performance of this kind of actuators is determined by the design of chambers and the properties of the active extensible layer and the passive inextensible layer. In this article, actuator with isosceles trapezoidal chambers is proposed. Orthogonal experiment design and finite element method are used to optimize the structure of actuators. Results indicate that adding constrain-limiting paper in the passive layer can significantly reduce the bending radius. Position of the paper in the passive layer also affects the bending radius. Actuators with trapezoidal chambers can have a smaller bending radius compared with that with rectangle chambers. The bending radius decreases as the ratio of short base to long base of trapezoid decreases. Increasing the number density of chambers can further reduce the bending radius.

Nikola Tesla in the year 1920 invented a new type of one-way valve, without any moving parts. He made this possible, by virtue of the geometry of the fluid path. In this work, we have optimised the design made by Tesla and increased its efficiency. Today, these valves are used in micro-fluidic systems, pulsating heat pipes, spacecraft propulsion systems etc. Apart from this, we have found that this valve can also be used in the Intra-venous fluid administration system and also in suppressors of guns. In the IV system, the valve can be used to address the reverse blood flow issue. In suppressors, the valve can reduce the pressure of hot gas coming from the gun which in turn reduces the sound made by the gun. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was done using fluid analysis software. From CFD analysis it was observed that the efficiency of the optimised valve has increased 2 times as compared to the original tesla valve.

This course is offered in China only and presented in Mandarin Chinese. The course materials are bilingual (English and Chinese). As the complexity of products increases, traditional text-based systems engineering can no longer meet the needs. To solve the problem, Model-based Systems Engineering offers a unified communication platform among relevant staff by carrying out diagram-based unambiguous description, analysis and design for the demand, and structure and behavior of complex systems in the form of a model.

Use of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) has been growing across industry, extending beyond defense and aerospace to include various commercial enterprises such as automotive and healthcare. Tool vendors are quick to point out benefits of this model-based approach and practices but are not always clear how MBSE benefits can be realized on a project. When deployed successfully, several key considerations should be addressed that maximize the value for a use-case. This four-hour class will discuss the nature and purpose of the MBSE approach and how key information is used for successful MBSE deployment as it relates to Systems Management.

Mass is one important suspicious object for breast cancer diagnosis in mammograms. Computer-aided detection (CAD) based on fully supervised deep learning achieves high performance for mass detection in mammograms. The lack of fine-grained expert labels becomes the bottleneck for the large-scale application of CAD to achieve detection in mammograms. Weakly supervised methods provide a solution to tackle the annotation problems, including in the application for mass detection. However, previous works face the problem of insufficient localization information, which affect the ability of mass detection. In this paper, we propose a multi-view enhancing mass detection network (MVMDNet) with dual view inputs that contains craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) view of mammograms, where different view features are interacted and fused to enhance localization information.

Abstract The hot corrosion studies for the die-casted magnesium (Mg) silver (Ag) alloys are carried out through the steam heating route. The Magnesium Silver (QE22A) alloy is fixed under the top lid of the pressure cooker (2 liters) and filled with water and 5% salt (NaCl) solution. The specimens are treated with different time intervals (10, 20, and 30 minutes), with the steam temperature maintained at 100°C around the specimen. The results showed an increase in the corrosion rate with the increase in the steaming time. Further, after the specimens have cooled down to room temperature, similar experiments are repeated for the second and third cycles. Here the formation of the oxide layers over the specimen has reduced the corrosion rate. The structural, surface study was carried out through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to know the corrosion behavior on the specimen.

In the early days, there were significant limitations to the build size of laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing (AM) machines. However, machine builders have addressed that drawback by introducing larger L-PBF machines with expansive build volumes. As these machines grow, their size capability approaches that of directed energy deposition (DED) machines. Concurrently, DED machines have gained additional axes of motion which enable increasingly complex part geometries—resulting in near-overlap in capabilities at the large end of the L-PBF build size. Additionally, competing technologies, such as binder jet AM and metal material extrusion, have also increased in capability, albeit with different starting points. As a result, the lines of demarcation between different processes are becoming blurred.

Under body blast (UBB) loading to military transport vehicles is known to cause foot-ankle fractures to occupants due to energy transfer from the vehicle floor to the feet of the soldier. The soldier posture, the proximity of the event with respect to the soldier, the personal protective equipment (PPE) and age/sex of the soldier are some variables that can influence injury severity and injury patterns. Recently conducted experiments to simulate the loading environment to the human foot/ankle in UBB events (~5ms rise time) with variables such as posture, age and PPE were used for the current study. The objective of this study was to determine statistically if these variables affected the primary injury predictors, and develop injury risk curves. Fifty below-knee post mortem human surrogate (PMHS) legs were used for statistical analysis. Injuries to specimens involved isolated and multiple fractures of varying severity.

Led by our senior GD&T professionals with a wide variety of industry background and experience, this one-day GD&T Review and Application course is designed for organizations who have participated in training through SAE but are looking for further clarification on how to apply GD&T best practices to specific organizational drawings. Designed to assist your design teams with highly complex design analysis problems and to support your teams through real world drawing examples, the instructor will review, answer questions, and provide feedback on tolerance analysis and GD&T implementation.

This interactive eLearning GD&T training course features 23 robust, self-paced learning modules that explain the terms, symbols, modifiers, rules, and basic concepts of geometric tolerancing as prescribed in the ASME Y14.5-2018 Standard. Progress is easily measured with instant feedback throughout each lesson that reinforces and aids in concept retention, allowing the learner to determine where further review may be needed. Full color detailed animations that help participants clearly visualize concepts, along with audio narration and 3D solid part examples.

This interactive eLearning GD&T training course now utilizes HTML5 for better browser and device compatibility. It contains 29 robust, self-paced learning modules that explain the terms, symbols, modifiers, rules, and basic concepts of geometric tolerancing as prescribed in the ASME Y14.5-2009 Standard. Progress is easily measured with instant feedback throughout each lesson that reinforces and aids in concept retention, allowing the learner to determine where further review may be needed. Full color detailed animations that help particpants clearly visualize concepts, along with audio narration and 3D solid part examples.

The Fundamentals of Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing 2018 Using Critical Thinking Skills by Alex Krulikowski reflects the technical content found in the latest release of the ASME Y14.5-2018 Standard. This book includes several key features that aid in the understanding of geometric tolerancing. Each of the textbook's 26 chapters focuses on a major topic that must be mastered to be fluent in the fundamentals of GD&T. Each topic includes a goal that is defined and supported by a set of performance objectives that include real-world examples, verification principles and methods, and chapter summaries. There are more than 260 performance objectives that describe specific, observable, measurable actions that the student must accomplish to demonstrate mastery of each goal. Learning is reinforced by completing three types of exercise problems, along with critical thinking questions that promote application of GD&T on the job.

This 2-day foundational-level course builds on geometric dimensioning and tolerancing fundamentals and teaches an introduction of how to inspect GD&T requirements.  The course offers an explanation of the geometric symbols, rules, and concepts, the datum system, and how to inspect GD&T requirements using tools from the four categories of inspection tools (CMM; comparison instruments and fixed gages; hand tools and open set up; and production gaging systems).

This 3-day advanced-level Fundamentals of GD&T course is an in-depth study of the terms, rules, symbols, and concepts of geometric dimensioning and tolerancing as prescribed in the ASME Y14.5M-1994 Standard. The course can be conducted in three 8-hour sessions or with flexible scheduling including five mornings or five afternoons.  This class includes all the content from the Fundamentals of GD&T 2-day foundational course: an explanation of geometric symbols, including each symbol’s requirements, tolerance zones, and limitations.

This 3-day Fundamentals of GD&T course provides an in-depth study of the terms, rules, symbols, and concepts of geometric dimensioning and tolerancing, as prescribed in the ASME Y14.5-2009 Standard. The course can be conducted in three 8-hour sessions or with flexible scheduling including five mornings or five afternoons.