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Landing of spacecraft on Lunar or Martian surfaces is the last and critical step in inter planetary space missions. The atmosphere on earth is thick enough to slow down the craft but Moon or Mars does not provide a similar atmosphere. Moreover, other factors such as lunar dust, availability of precise onboard navigational aids etc would impact decision making. Soft landing meaning controlling the velocity of the craft from over 6000km/h to zero. If the craft’s velocity is not controlled, it might crash. Various onboard sensors and onboard computing power play a critical role in estimating and hence controlling the velocity, in the absence of GPS-like navigational aids. In this paper, an attempt is made using visual onboard sensor to estimate the velocity of the object. The precise estimation of an object's velocity is a vital component in the trajectory planning of space vehicles, particularly those designed for descent onto lunar or Martian terrains, such as orbiters or landers.

How Thunderbolt 4 Helps Bring Fault-Tolerant, Distributed Systems to Market Delivering Operational Energy to Enhance Warfighter Capability Optoelectronic Analog Signal Transmission Takes Center Stage Amidst Aerospace and Defense Innovation Shaking Outside the Box to Advance Flight Research An Introduction to Quantum Computing How Laser Communications Innovation is Finally Coming of Age and Driving Innovation in Defense Spatial Calibration for Accurate Long Distance Measurement Using Infrared Cameras A new spatial calibration procedure has been introduced for infrared optical systems developed for cases where camera systems are required to be focused at distances beyond 100 meters. Towards Greater Sensitivity: A Brief FTIR and Infrared-Based Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy Comparative Study A presentation of work comparing efficacy of a traditional IR method used as a standard within the U.S.

Overcoming Machining Productivity Challenges with Aerospace Components Why the Turbomachinery Industry is Increasingly Bullish on Additive Manufacturing 3D-printed metal-alloys are answering critical needs for high fluid flow, high-pressure parts. Airborne Inspection Sensor Evolves with LiDAR, Mid-IR and Artificial Intelligence Air Force eVTOL Research and Development Programs Make Remote Pilot Progress Creating a Digital Gateway for RF Domain Will Advance Designs That Meet DoD Initiatives Understanding the Unique RF Interconnect Requirements for Ultra-Demanding Hypersonic Missile and Satellite Applications ADS-B Classification Using Multivariate Long Short-Term Memory This analysis extends previous research that used long short-term memory-fully convolutional networks to identify aircraft engine types from publicly available automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) data.

Breathing Life into Artificial Intelligence and Next Generation Autonomous Aerospace Systems Robotic Rotational Molding Creates New Opportunities for Military and Aerospace Applications Rim-Driven Electric Aircraft Propulsion High-Speed Midwave Infrared Cameras Enable Military Test Range Tracking System What Today's Advances in Radar Technology Mean for Testing and Training Tackling Ruggedization Challenges for RF Communications in Software Defined Radios AUVSI XPONENTIAL 2023 The Blueprint for Autonomy Multi-Scale Structuring of the Polar Ionosphere Understanding a radically new sensing capability for polar ionospheric science introduced by observational evidence recently provided by the electronically steerable Resolute Bay Incoherent Scatter Radar (RISR). Stepped-Frequency Distributed Radar for Through-the-Wall Sensing A technical analysis of the effectiveness of distributed radar for through-the-wall sensing applications.

Artificial Intelligence in the Battlespace Key Considerations for a New Way of Fighting War Machining Beryllium Electrified Propulsion for Aerospace Where to Start The Future of Managing Mission-Critical Systems Improving Battlefield Connectivity for the Modern Warfighter How to Test a Cognitive EW System Molded RF Materials for Hypersonic Sensors and Seekers AUVSI XPONENTIAL Multimode Optical Fiber Sensing Although the vast majority of fiber optic strain sensors use single mode fiber, multimode fiber has a higher nonlinear threshold that enables higher light levels and lower noise, while the diversity of spatial modes can be used to develop sensors that are inherently immune to signal fading. Autonomous and Resilient Management of All-Source Sensors for Navigation Assurance As the number and type of sensors informing a system increases, so does the probability of corrupting the system with sensor modeling errors, signal interference, and undetected faults.

Developing Object Detection Systems for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Developing Thermoplastic Composites for Use in Commercial Aircraft An Automated System for Multi-Physics Modeling Taking the Tactical Cloud with You Small Form Factor, Modular Data Centers at the Edge of the Battlefield Remanufacturing Reimagined How Selective Electroplating Extends Service Life and Reduces the Cost of Aerospace Components Satellite Paves the Way for Improved Storm Tracking Solar-Powered Satellite Hardware in Orbit Impact of Satellite Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance on Modern Naval Operations Determining whether afloat availability of satellite ISR, a technology that is relatively new, fundamentally changed naval operations and if so, to what degree. 3D Data Acquisition Platform for Human Activity Understanding Implementing motion capture devices, 3D vision sensors, and EMG sensors to cross validate multi-modality data acquisition and address fundamental research problems involving the representation and invariant description of 3D data, human motion modeling and applications of human activity analysis, and computational optimization of large-scale 3D data.

Developing a 6DoF Aircraft Munitions Optical Tracking System Plasma Nitride Surface Hardening of Titanium for Aerospace and Armament Applications The Future of Aircraft Electrification Shielding Aerospace Systems from Electromagnetic Interference Improving Transmit/Receive Module Test Accuracy and Throughput Army Detects Broadest Frequencies Ever with Quantum Receiver A Comparative Evaluation of the Detection and Tracking Capability Between Novel Event-Based and Conventional Frame-Based Sensors This research establishes a fundamental understanding of the characteristics of event-based sensors and applies it to the development of a detection and tracking algorithm. Sensory Integration Balance Deficits in Complex mTBI: Can Early Initiation of Rehabilitation with Wearable Sensor Technology Improve Outcomes?

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) alone cannot provide high-precision and continuous positioning information for vehicles. The integration of GNSS with Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) has now been very intensively developed and widely applied in high precision positioning of vehicle and provide continuous position, velocity and attitude. However, the overall performance of low-cost GNSS/MEMS IMU frequently degrades in urban shaded environments. Traditional constraints GNSS/MIMU algorithm based on zero-velocity detection can effectively increase the accuracy of the navigation system, but easily influenced by external factors to false detection. This article aims to introduce a multi-dynamic constraints model as accurate update source for EKF to improve the accuracy of navigation solutions of a vehicle during satellites signal blockages. Firstly, we present a tightly coupled strategy to integrate GPS/BDS and INS by applying extended Kalman filter with 27-states.

This ARP provides detailed information, guidance, and methods in support of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circular (AC) 20-136. AC 20-136 provides a means, but not the only means, for demonstrating compliance with Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 23.1306 (Amendment 23-61), 23.2515 (Amendment 23-64), 25.1316, 27.1316, and 29.1316. It is also intended for this ARP to provide the same information, guidance, and methods, to the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) certification specifications CS 23.1306 (Amendment 23/4), 23.2515 (Amendment 23/5), 25.1316, 27.1316, and 29.1316, and associated Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) 20-136.

This ARP provides detailed information, guidance, and methods in support of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circular (AC) 20-136. AC 20-136 provides a means, but not the only means, for demonstrating compliance with Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 23.1306 (Amendment 23-61), 23.2515 (Amendment 23-64), 25.1316, 27.1316, and 29.1316. It is also intended for this ARP to provide the same information, guidance, and methods, to the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) certification specifications CS 23.1306 (Amendment 23/4), 23.2515 (Amendment 23/5), 25.1316, 27.1316, and 29.1316, and associated Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) 20-136.

This standard defines a generic set of electrical interfaces between a host aircraft (“platform”) and an electro-optic/infrared (EO/IR) sensor. This includes connectors, cabling, fiber optics, signals, and power.

Why are vision systems fundamental and critical to autonomous flight? What are the vision system tasks required for autonomous flight? How can those tasks be approached? It addresses the role of vision systems for autonomous operations and discusses the critical tasks required of a vision system, including taxi, takeoff, en-route navigation, detect and avoid, and landing, as well as formation flight or approach and docking at a terminal or with other vehicles. These tasks are analyzed to develop field of view, resolution, latency, and other sensing requirements and to understand when one sensor can be used for multiple applications. Airspace classifications, landing visibility categories, decision height criteria, and typical runway dimensions are introduced. The book provides an overview of sensors and phenomenology from visible through infrared, extending into the radar bands and including both passive and active systems.

This standard defines the use of data interfaces between a host platform and an electro-optic/infrared (EO/IR) system for maintenance and test (M&T) purposes. In particular, this standard defines the use of the data interfaces in order to facilitate the: a confirmation of system performance and function; b external initiation of built-in-test (BIT) functions; c performance of other diagnostic tests of system health; d downloading M&T data; e uploading software changes. This standard does not cover mechanical or electrical interfaces, nor does it define the basic platform-to-sensor communication protocols and formats. Furthermore, this standard does not address software changes that are made by the manufacturer and not accessible at the sensor interfaces. Data protocols and formats are covered by AS6135. Electrical interfaces are covered by AS6129. This standard covers the use of the interfaces defined by AS6129 and AS6135 for the purposes described herein.

This standard defines the data interfaces between a host aircraft (“platform”) and an Electro-Optic/Infrared (EO/IR) sensor. These data interfaces cover various types of data including: imagery, metadata, command, status, and responses (CSR), geospatial postion, time, test and maintenance, and hand-controller. This standard does not cover mechanical or electrical interfaces.

The imagining system, or Pilotage Distributed Aperture Sensor (PDAS) system, is designed to enhance situational awareness and threat detection for pilots and auxiliary personnel in visually degraded environments.

The Raytheon Company (Raytheon), based out of Waltham, Massachusetts, is currently paying for a Joint Precision Approach and Landing Systems (JPALS) software upgrade with independent research and development funds. The company hopes to convince the U.S. Air Force to use JPALS – a system used to help aircraft land on aircraft carrier decks – in its expeditionary land operations.

As mobility software becomes increasingly complex and connected, so does the risk of human error and system safety. To combat this, New York-based software company AdaCore will work with Nvidia Corporation of Santa Clara, California to apply open-source Ada and SPARK programming languages for select software security firmware elements in highly-complex, safety-critical systems like Nvidia’s DRIVE AGX automated and autonomous vehicle solutions.

Aireon LLC, a global aircraft tracking and surveillance company in McLean, Va., is inviting aircraft operators, regulators, search-and-rescue organizations, and air navigation service providers (ANSPs) to pre-register for Aireon Aircraft Locating and Emergency Response Tracking (ALERT). Aireon ALERT, operated by the Irish Aviation Authority (IAA), is being touted as the aviation industry’s first and only free, global, real-time emergency aircraft location service, which is slated to begin service in Q1 2019.

SaraniaSat, an aerospace startup in Los Angeles, won a three-year, $5.1 million NASA In-Space Validation of Earth Science Technologies (InVEST) contract to test and advance the company’s Hyperspectral Thermal Imager (HyTI), being touted as a unique, disruptive technology for hyperspectral remote sensing, a technology also known as imaging spectroscopy used to detect and identify minerals, vegetation, and manmade materials.

This document sets forth the characteristics of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Landing System Sensor Unit (GLSSU) with a built-in VHF Data Broadcast (VDB) receiver. The intent of this document is to provide general and specific design guidance for the development of GLSSU for airline use. It describes the desired operational capability of the GLSSU and the standards necessary to ensure interchangeability.